变温烘干对腊叶标本品质的影响
2021-11-26齐大明王宇瑞陈琳李明露李文文冯钰晓李汉伟董诚明
齐大明 王宇瑞 陈琳 李明露 李文文 冯钰晓 李汉伟 董诚明



摘要 [目的]以忍冬为例,通过对传统植物腊叶标本干燥方式的改进,探究在达到保证植物腊叶标本品质较好的前提下亦能快速节能地干燥植物腊叶标本。[方法]采用传统吸水纸对忍冬进行压制,而后采用鼓風干燥箱对新鲜忍冬进行干燥,在干燥过程中逐渐升温改变其温度,最后达到忍冬标本干燥美观的地步。[结果]梯度升温较恒温烘干在节能减时的基础上对最终忍冬腊叶标本品质的影响是较好的;丹参大体也呈现此趋势。[结论]为保证植物腊叶标本烘干工艺的规范化和科学化,植物腊叶标本的烘干应尝试梯度升温烘干。
关键词 腊叶标本;梯度升温;工艺改进;品质;影响
中图分类号 R 282.4 文献标识码 A 文章编号 0517-6611(2021)21-0189-04
doi:10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2021.21.048
开放科学(资源服务)标识码(OSID):
Effect of Variable Temperature Drying on the Quality of Wax Leaf Specimens —Taking Lonicera japonica as an Example
QI Da-ming, WANG Yu-rui, CHEN Lin et al
(College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou,Henan 450046)
Abstract [Objective]Taking Lonicera japonica as an example, the paper explored the dry plant wax leaf specimens which could save energy quickly on the premise of ensuring the good quality of the wax leaf specimens. [Method]The traditional absorbent paper was used to press the Lonicera japonica, then the fresh Lonicera japonica was dried by the blast drying box. The temperature was gradually increased during the drying process, and finally the specimen of Lonicera japonica was dry and beautiful. [Result]The gradient temperature rise was better than the constant temperature drying, which had a better effect on the quality of the final Lonicera japonica wax leaf on the basis of energy saving and decreasing, and the trend of Salvia miltiorrhiza was also generally present. [Conclusion]In order to ensure the standardization and scientificity of drying technology of the wax leaf, the drying of the wax leaf specimens should be done by gradient heating.
Key words Wax leaf specimen;Gradient warming;Process improvement;Quality;Effect
作者简介 齐大明(1995—),男,河南信阳人,硕士研究生,研究方向:中药资源与鉴定、中药材规范化种植。
*通信作者,教授,硕士生导师,从事药用植物学、中药资源学研究。
收稿日期 2021-03-15
腊叶标本又称压制标本,是干制植物标本的一种,采集带有花、果实的一段或整株植物体,在标本夹中压平、干燥、灭菌后,装贴在台纸上,即成腊叶标本[1]。腊叶标本形色逼真,在陈列、展示和艺术观赏方面具有重要价值,也多用于药用植物学等学科教学,且对于植物分类工作意义重大,它使得植物学家在一年四季中都可以观察采自不同地区的植物标本。目前一些大的植物标本馆往往收藏百万份以上的腊叶标本,植物学家则借助于这些标本从事描述和鉴定的工作[2-3]。……
