沈旭舟 张佳磊 曾一恒 翁传松 陈佳俊

摘要 从三峡水库干支流浮游植物群落演替机制角度开展水华形成机制研究具有重要的科学意义，系统凝练了国内外三峡水库干支流浮游植物群落演替规律及其驱动机制，总结了以下几点研究进展：干流浮游植物细胞密度显著低于支流浮游植物，受到干支流水动力特性影响，干流以“激流型”的硅藻门藻类为优势种，支流以“静水型”蓝藻和绿藻为优势种;干支流浮游植物细胞密度和群落结构主要受到生境扰动强度的影响，生境的扰动强度通过影响干支流水温、水体层化结构，光照强度、时间和频率，营养盐脉冲浓度和频率来驱动浮游植物群落结构的演替;浮游植物的演替过程更多的是“微生境”和浮游植物“细胞扩散”双重叠加的结果，“微生境”驱动强度强于“细胞扩散”过程。

关键词 浮游植物;群落演替规律;驱动机制;三峡水库干支流

中图分类号 Q 948.8  文献标识码 A  文章编号 0517-6611（2021）20-0018-04

doi：10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2021.20.005

开放科学（资源服务）标识码（OSID）：

Research Progress of Phytoplankton Community Succession and Driving Mechanism in the Main and Tributary Streams of the Three Gorges Reservoir

SHEN Xu-zhou，ZHANG Jia-lei，ZENG Yi-heng et al

（School of Civil Engineering，Architecture and Environment of Hubei University of Technology， Key Laboratory of Hubei Province for Lake Restoration and Algae， Wuhan，Hubei 430068）

Abstract It is of great scientific significance to study blooms from the mechanism of phytoplankton succession in the main and tributary streams of the Three Gorges Reservoir.This paper systematically condensed the succession rules and driving mechanisms of phytoplankton communities in the main and tributary streams of the Three Gorges Reservoir at home and abroad， and summarized the following research progress：Phytoplankton density of the main streams were significantly lower than that of tributaries， which were affected by the hydrodynamic characteristic parameters. Bacillariophyta dominated in the main streams， while Cyanophyta and Chlorophyta and the tributaries were in dominated in the tributaries.The disturbance intensity of the habitat conditions（including water temperature， under solar-thermal structure and nutrient pulse concentration） were the key regulatory factor for phytoplankton density and community structure in the main streams and tributaries of the Three Gorges Reservoir.The progress of phytoplankton succession were affected by the “aquatic-habits” and the mechanism of “frustule diffusion” ， the “aquatic-habits” were more impotant than the “frustule diffusion”.

Key words Phytoplankton;Community succession law;Driving mechanism;Main and tributary streams of the Three Gorges Reservoir

基金項目 国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项（2017ZX07101003-008）;三峡后续工作项目（2017HXXY-05）;国家科技合作项目与交流专项（2014DFE70070）。

作者简介 沈旭舟（1994—），男，浙江宁波人，硕士研究生，研究方向：生态水工学。*通信作者，副教授，博士，硕士生导师，从事生态水工学研究。

收稿日期 2021-01-14

自2003年三峡蓄水成库后，香溪河、大宁河、朱衣河、澎溪河等17条一级支流先后暴发了“水华”现象。 水华暴发方式呈现以下2种形式：一种呈现单点暴发，随后水华优势种随着水流方向扩散;另一种形式为河流中的多个位点同时出现浮游植物生物量的高峰值，随后水华优势种随着水流逐步扩散，上下勾连，导致大面积水华的暴发[1-4]。……