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水体生态浮岛修复技术研究进展

2021-11-25王珏李玲宇刘金涛杨学福黄毅张治宏赵平歌

安徽农业科学 2021年20期

王珏 李玲宇 刘金涛 杨学福 黄毅 张治宏 赵平歌

摘要 人类的过度开发利用破坏了自然生态平衡,社会生产力快速发展与水环境有限承载力出现冲突,导致水体污染问题愈加突出。世界各国政府积极推行一系列水生态修复措施来解决水生态环境问题。原位生态修复技术因具有无须转移水体、运行维护成本低、能提高水体自净能力、不易造成二次污染等优点而成为当前的研究热点。生态浮岛修复技术是原位水生态修复技术的一种,主要通过植物根系及其周围所聚集的微生物来吸收和转化水体中过剩的氮、磷等营养成分及污染物。在综述了水生态浮岛修复技术的研究现状的基础上,着重介绍了其分类构成、植物选用、功能强化及对未来的发展前景等,以期为水体生态浮岛修复技术的发展、完善与创新提供参考。

关键词 生态浮岛;水体修复;植物修复

中图分类号 X 52  文献标识码 A

文章编号 0517-6611(2021)20-0010-04

doi:10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2021.20.003

开放科学(资源服务)标识码(OSID):

Research Progress of Water Ecological Floating Island Restoration Technology

WANG Jue1,  LI Ling-yu  LIU Jin-tao2 et al (1.China Communications Third Highway Engineering Bureau Co.,Ltd.,Beijing   100304;2. School of Architectural Engineering, Xian Technological University,Xian,Shaanxi 710032)

Abstract The over exploitation and utilization of human beings destroy the natural ecological balance, and the rapid development of social productivity conflicts with the limited carrying capacity of water environment, which leads to the increasingly prominent problem of water pollution. Governments of all countries actively implement a series of water ecological restoration measures to solve water ecological environment problems. In-situ ecological restoration technology has become a research hotspot because it has the advantages of no need to transfer water, low operation and maintenance cost, improving the self purification capacity of water, and not easy to cause secondary pollution. Ecological floating island restoration technology is a kind of in-situ water ecological restoration technology, which mainly absorbs and transforms the excess nitrogen, phosphorus and other nutrients and pollutants in water through plant roots and the microorganisms gathered around them.

Key words Ecological floating island;Water restoration;Phytoremediation

基金項目 国家重点研发计划(2019yfc0409205)。

作者简介 王珏(1978—),男,山西武乡人,教授级高级工程师,博士,从事路桥工程、工程材料和水环境修复技术研究。*通信作者,刘金涛,副教授,硕士,硕士研究生导师,从事水市政工程研究;杨学福,讲师,博士,从事水源水质污染与风险研究。

收稿日期 2021-01-22

在工业新型化、城镇一体化和农业现代化的快速发展中,由于对污水排放的控制没有跟上步伐,导致大量氮、磷等营养物质和其他类污染物以各种方式流入地表水体中,我国河湖水体出现了不同程度的污染。……

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