外源补硒对农产品增产提质的研究进展
2021-11-25王德美范成五刘桂华陈晓燕秦松
王德美 范成五 刘桂华 陈晓燕 秦松


摘要 硒是人体不可缺少的微量元素之一,缺硒会对身体产生不利影响。食用富集硒元素的农产品是缺硒人群最有效的补硒途径。土壤中硒含量因受母质影响普遍较低,土壤理化性质对其有效性影响强烈,导致作物吸收的硒较少。施用适量硒肥能增加作物硒含量、提高作物產量、改善作物品质。简要综述了植物体内硒形态、转化及影响因素,不同作物对硒肥的响应,硒肥种类和硒肥施用技术等方面研究动态,以期为农产品增产提质施硒关键技术及应用提供参考。
关键词 硒肥;农产品;增产提质;施用技术
中图分类号 S 147 文献标识码 A 文章编号 0517-6611(2021)20-0014-04
doi:10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2021.20.004
开放科学(资源服务)标识码(OSID):
Research Progress of Exogenous Selenium Supplement on Yield and Quality of Agricultural Products
WANG De-mei1, FAN Cheng-wu LIU Gui-hua2 et al
(1.Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025;2. Institute of Soil and Fertilizer, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang, Guizhou 550006)
Abstract Selenium is one of the indispensable trace elements in human body, and lack of selenium will have adverse effects on the body. Eating selenium enriched agricultural products is the most effective way to supplement selenium for selenium deficient people. The content of selenium in soil is generally low due to the influence of parent material, and the physical and chemical properties of soil have a strong influence on its availability, resulting in less selenium absorbed by crops. Applying appropriate amount of selenium fertilizer can increase selenium content, increase crop yield and improve crop quality. This paper briefly reviewed the research trends of selenium forms, transformation and influencing factors in plants, the response of different crops to selenium fertilizer, the types of selenium fertilizer and the application technology of selenium fertilizer, in order to provide the reference for the key technology and application of increasing yield and improving quality of agricultural products.
Key words Selenium fertilizer;Agriculture products;Increase production and improve quality;Application technology
基金项目 贵州省科技支撑计划项目(黔科合支撑〔2019〕2368号,黔科合支撑〔2018〕2338号)。
作者简介 王德美(1995—),女,贵州铜仁人,硕士研究生,研究方向:土壤学。*通信作者,研究员,博士,硕士生导师,从事土壤肥料与农业环境研究。
收稿日期 2021-03-02
大部分土壤的含硒量在0.01~2.00 mg/kg,平均硒含量是0.40 mg/kg[1],我国土壤硒含量背景值为0.21 mg/kg[2]。食物中硒的正常含量应在0.1~5.0 mg/kg,过高或过低的硒摄入量都会引发机体功能受损[3]。土壤缺硒,一般导致作物缺硒。目前,缺硒是一个全球性的问题,数以亿计的人口膳食结构中硒的来源较少,导致人体内硒含量一直处于低水平状态[4]。适量补充硒元素,可增强人体免疫力、提高抗氧化能力阻断病毒突变。人体自身无法合成硒,生物源有机硒是人体最重要的硒源。因此,食用富硒农产品就成为缺硒地区人群最经济、最有效、最安全的补硒途径[5-6]。……
