5种新烟碱类杀虫剂对休眠期和发育期红裸须摇蚊幼虫的急性毒性研究
2021-11-25姚媛媛龙辰王斌李珣李秀仙张冬华闫春财刘文彬
姚媛媛 龙辰 王斌 李珣 李秀仙 张冬华 闫春财 刘文彬



摘要 為了解新烟碱类杀虫剂对红裸须摇蚊的毒性影响,以休眠期和发育期红裸须摇蚊(Propsilocerus akamusi)幼虫为材料,测试吡虫啉(IMI)、噻虫嗪(THI)、噻虫胺(CLO)、呋虫胺(DIN)、啶虫脒(ACE)5种新烟碱类杀虫剂对幼虫的急性毒性差异,并探究亚致死浓度胁迫下发育期幼虫体长和湿重的变化。结果表明,IMI、ACE和CLO毒性始终处于剧毒水平,且CLO毒性低于IMI和ACE;IMI对发育期幼虫毒性略高于ACE,对休眠期则相反;DIN毒性始终为高毒水平;暴露于THI下,休眠期幼虫耐受性显著高于发育期幼虫,并且在24~96 h的持续时间内LC50出现30.90~95.49倍不等的耐受性差异。IMI胁迫组体长略有增长,其余组均表现为缩短,仅ACE组出现显著变化;幼虫湿重变化方面,IMI处理组幼虫湿重增长显著,均值在23.3 mg,其余组均保持在20.0 mg左右。
关键词 红裸须摇蚊;新烟碱类杀虫剂;休眠期;发育期;急性毒性
中图分类号 S482.3 文献标识码 A 文章编号 0517-6611(2021)20-0001-05
doi:10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2021.20.001
开放科学(资源服务)标识码(OSID):
Study on Acute Toxicity of Five Neonicotinoid Insecticides to the Larvae of Propsilocerus akamusi in Dormant and Developmental Phase
YAO Yuan-yuan1, LONG Chen2, WANG Bin3 et al
(1.Tianjin Natural History Museum, Tianjin 300201; 2.College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Animal Diversity, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387; 3.Tianjin Beidagang Wetland Nature Reserve Management Center, Tianjin 300270)
Abstract To understand the toxic effects of neonicotinoid insecticides on Propsilocerus akamusi, the larvae of Propsilocerus akamusi during the dormant and developmental phases were used as materials to test the acute toxicity difference of 5 neonicotinoid insecticides of imidacloprid (IMI), thiamethoxam (THI), clothianidin (CLO), dinotefuran (DIN) and acetamiprid (ACE) to larvae,and explore the changes of body length and wet weight of larvae during developmental phase under sublethal concentration stress.The result showed that the toxicity of IMI, ACE and CLO was always at a severe level, and toxicity of CLO was lower than that of IMI and ACE.The toxicity of IMI higher than that of ACE in developmental phase, but lower in dormancy period;the toxicity of DIN was at a high level.In the case of THI,the tolerance of dormant larvae was significantly higher than that of developmental larvae, and the tolerance difference of LC50 varied from 30.90 to 95.49 times in 24-96 h.The body length of IMI stress group increased slightly, while that of the other groups decreased. Only ACE group showed significant changes. In terms of the change of larvae wet weight, the larvae wet weight of IMI treatment group increased significantly, with an average of 23.3 mg, and the rest groups maintained about 20.0 mg.
Key words Propsilocerus akamusi;Neonicotinoid insecticides;Dormant phase;Developmental phase;Acute toxicity
基金项目 国家自然科学基金项目(3167232 31801994);天津市应用基础计划项目(18JCQNJC14700,18JCYBJC96100)。
作者简介 姚媛媛(1987—),女,天津人,助理馆员,硕士,从事动物系统学研究。*通信作者,讲师,博士,从事动物系统学研究。
收稿日期 2021-02-03;修回日期 2021-03-29
搖蚊幼虫对水质变化敏感,常作为评估水体质量的重要指示生物[1]。红裸须摇蚊,隶属于摇蚊科直突摇蚊亚科裸须摇蚊属,为我国北方水体的优势种之一[2]。近年来,我国水污染情况严峻,尤其在红裸须摇蚊广泛分布的海河流域,自2011年起水质监测中为Ⅴ类水质的比例在我国大型流域一直位于较高水平[3]。……
