王越 张寿红 姜海涛 王天亮 韩英

摘  要：目前，為了新型防水材料在高原地区的工程应用提供数据参考和选材建议，该文将冻融循环、太阳辐射等高原环境因素考虑进试验测定了4种不同防水材料的拉伸性能、不透水性能、低温柔性、低温弯折性、耐候性和粘滞性等物理力学性能。通过综合对比4种防水材料各种指标发现，将喷涂和成型非固化橡胶沥青防水涂料组合后，在各种物理力学性能上优于单一的材料和SBS防水材料，可有效解决搭缝开裂、与基面接触等问题;可应用于异型结构处，对防水薄弱环节有较好的防护作用;可抵御不利条件自身的老化和性能削弱。因此，可将该组合防水材料作为高原气候条件下的首选材料应用于青藏高原房建工程屋面防水工程中。

关键词：新型防水材料   冻融循环   太阳辐射   物理力学性能

中图分类号：O 319.56                      文献标识码：A文章编号：1672-3791（2021）08（b）-0008-09

Comparative Study on the Applicability of Roofing Waterproof Materials in Plateau Environment

WANG Yue1   ZHANG Shouhong1  JIANG Haitao1  WANG Tianliang2，3  HAN Ying1

（1.China Railway Qinghai-Tibet Group Co.， Ltd.， Xining， Qinghai Province， 810000 China; 2.State Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and System Safety of Traffic Engineering Structures Jointly

Built by the Ministry of Transport， Shijiazhuang Tiedao University， Shijiazhuang， Hebei Province，

050043 China; 3.Key Laboratory of Roads and Railway Engineering Safety Control of Ministry

of Education， Shijiazhuang Tiedao University， Shijiazhuang， Hebei Province， 050043 China）

Abstract： At present， in order to provide data reference and material selection suggestions for the engineering application of new waterproof materials in plateau areas， this paper takes the plateau environmental factors such as freeze-thaw cycle and solar radiation into account， and measures the physical and mechanical properties of four different waterproof materials， such as tensile properties， impermeability， low-temperature flexibility， low-temperature bending， weather resistance and viscosity. Through a comprehensive comparison of the various indicators of the four waterproof materials， by comprehensively comparing the various indicators of the four waterproof materials， it is found that the combination of spraying and forming non-curing rubber asphalt waterproof coating is better than a single material and SBS waterproof material in various physical and mechanical properties. It can effectively solve the problems of seam cracking and contact with the base surface; it can be applied to special-shaped structures， which has a better protective effect on the weak links of waterproof; it can also resist the aging and performance weakening of adverse conditions. Therefore， the combined waterproof material can be used as the first-choice material under plateau climate conditions in the roof waterproofing project of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau house construction project.

Key Words： New waterproof material; Freeze-thaw cycle; Sun radiation; Physical and mechanical properties

现场调研发现，青藏铁路站场附近生产生活用房屋面在采用SBS卷材防水设计下，由于环境原因防水卷材存在损伤及加速老化问题。在正常使用周期5年左右，屋面漏水现象普遍存在，在接缝和异型部位处开裂漏水情况尤为严重;防水层与基层粘接不牢，导致SBS卷材接缝处有防水层风揭问题[1]。

高原环境下防水材料的失效主要与自身的耐久性有关，李志国[2]对材料耐久性机理进行归纳总结，在提高材料耐久性方面建议使用新的高耐久性材料与现有材料复合的形式，這给高原地区复合防水材料的使用提供了参考依据。……