盘点进行时态的几种用法
2021-11-19季明霞
季明霞
进行时,一般由“be+doing”构成,多表示进行的动作或存在的状态,是英语基本时态之一,其用法是高考英语试卷的一个重要考查点。对此,笔者就英语进行时态的用法进行了盘点,以期同学们能够准确把握。
一、强调动作的进行性
进行性,即说话的时刻正在进行或发生的动作,是进行时态最为基本的用法。比如:
① It was raining quietly and steadily and therewere little pools of water on the gravel drive . 雨一直静静地下着,沙砾车道上积起了一个小水洼。
②Listen!Children are singing an English song inthe classroom.听!孩子们正在教室里唱英文歌。
③He was making a little fire from twigs and bitsof log.他正在用小树枝和木块生一小堆火。
④A new railway is being built in my hometown.我的家乡正在建设一条新铁路。
⑤She is reading a handbook on gardening. 她正在阅读一本园艺手册。
⑥ The survey implies that the number of citydwellers is growing. 调查显示,城市居民的数量正在增长。
二、强调动作的将来性
进行时态除了表示正在进行的动作外,还可以用来表示近期内按照计划、安排、打算等即将发生的动作,主观性较强,常与 leave, go, come, start, begin, arrive, reach, return, stay, move, take, take off, set out 等位移动词连用。例如:
①I’ve won a ticket for next week to Beijing, I amtaking my mum.我赢了一张下周去北京的票,我要带我妈妈去。
②Would you please return to your seat? The planeis taking off soon. 请您回到您的座位上好吗?飞机马上要起飞了。
③The medical team is leaving tonight.医疗队今晚就要出发了。
④What time are we starting tomorrow? 我们明天什么时候动身?
⑤The train is arriving in five minutes. 火车将在五分钟以后到达。
⑥A storm is coming. Let’s get the wheat undercover quickly. 要变天啦,快把麦子收起来吧!
三、强调动作的习惯性
在英语中,當进行时与always, often, forever, constantly, continually, perpetually, all the time等频度副词连用时,往往表示频繁、反复出现的习惯性动作或行为,且常常带有赞扬、喜悦、惊讶、责备、反对、埋怨、厌烦等感情色彩。比如:
①The doctors are constantly perfecting their skills.医生们对医术总是精益求精。(赞扬)
②She is often thinking of how she could do more for the people.她经常想着怎样才能为人民多做些事情。(赞赏)
③Why are you forever forgetting people’s names?为什么你老是记不住别人的名字呢?(埋怨)
④ Some people are constantly complaining that they have too much work to do.有些人老是没完没了地抱怨他们干的工作太多了。……
