孟凡茹　陈碧华　郭卫丽　袁敬平　李庆飞　王庆安

摘    要：為了选育耐镉中国南瓜砧木种质资源，以3个耐镉南瓜砧木自交系、自交系两两杂交种F1为试验材料，采用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法（ICP-AES）在16 mg·L-1Cd2+处理下对6个杂种F1及其亲本幼苗的生长发育及其不同器官中Cd2+积累特性进行分析。结果表明，360-3×041-1的幼苗株高、干质量及根系活力均高于双亲，112-2×360-3、360-3×112-2、041-1×112-2、112-2×041-1、041-1×360-3的幼苗根系活力低于双亲或单亲;360-3×041-1叶绿素相对含量显著高于双亲，丙二醛含量显著低于双亲，其他杂种F1膜脂过氧化均受到不同程度的伤害;镉胁迫下，不同器官对Cd2+的吸收能力表现为根>茎>叶，041-1×112-2、360-3×041-1幼苗的转移系数都在0.10以下，其中360-3×041-1的转移系数比父本显著降低77.78%。综上所述，360-3×041-1在幼苗生长及镉耐受性方面表现出超亲优势，可以作为耐镉砧木种质资源进一步研究。

关键词：中国南瓜;砧木;杂种F1;镉胁迫;镉吸收;转移系数

中图分类号：S642.1 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1673-2871（2021）10-044-07

Cadmium absorption and accumulation characteristics of pumpkin Cd tolerant rootstock resources hybrid F1

MENG Fanru1， CHEN Bihua1， GUO Weili1， YUAN Jingping1， LI Qingfei1，， WANG Qing'an2

（1. School of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture， Henan Institute of Science and Technology， Xinxiang 453003， Henan， China;2. Agricultural Technology Extension Center of Huojia County ， Henan Province Xinxiang 453003， Henan， China）

Abstract： In order to breed pumpkin（Cucurbita moschata） germplasm resources with tolerance to cadmium， we determined cadmium-tolerance of the three  pumpkin rootstock inbred lines and the inbred line two-in-one hybrid F1. The growth and development of 6 F1 hybrid and its parent seedlings and Cd2+ accumulation characteristics in different organs were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry （ICP -AES）， under 16 mg·L-1 Cd2+ treatment.The results showed that the seedlings of 360-3×041-1 were higher plant height， dry weight and root activity than those of the parents， The seedling root activity of 112-2×360-3， 360-3×112-2 041-1×112-2， 112-2×041-1， 041-1×360-3 as lower than that of the parents or single parents;  The relative content of chlorophyll in 360-3×041-1 was significantly higher than that of parents， and the content of malondialdehyde was significantly lower than that of parents. Other hybrid F1 membrane lipid peroxidation was injured to varying degrees; under cadmium stress， the absorption capacity of Cd2+ in different organs was shown as root>stem>leaves， 041 -1×112-2 and 360-3×041-1 seedling transfer coefficient are below 0.10， of which 360-3×041-1 transfer coefficient is higher than that of the father This was significantly reduced by 77.78%. In summary， 360-3×041-1 shows super-parent advantages in seedling growth and cadmium tolerance， and can be used as a cadmium-tolerant rootstock germplasm resource for further research.

Key words： Cucurbita moschata; Rootstock; Hybrid F1; Cadmium stress; Cadmium uptake; Transfer factor

随着我国人民生活水平的不断提高，人们对蔬菜种类、营养品质及安全无公害的需求日益增强。为了提高和改善土壤生产力，农药化肥的使用及工业化程度加剧，土壤镉污染引起的蔬菜安全问题亟待解决[1]。部分区域设施土壤镉含量超标且污染逐年加重，蔬菜安全问题已引起人们极大关注[2-5]。有研究表明，天津市郊区171个蔬菜样品中重金属评价结果显示Cd污染程度最高，且高于国家食品卫生标准的限制含量，总超标准为30.41%[6]。李培等[7]对根茎类、瓜果类和叶菜类三大类蔬菜中的镉污染研究表明，蔬菜体内镉污染状况较轻，但仍存在超标现象，其中根部是吸收富集Cd的主要器官。