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超声结合热处理对金黄色葡萄球菌及其生物膜的抗菌和抗生物膜机制

2021-11-12孙晋跃王德宝孙芝兰熊强刘芳徐为民王道营李坤鹏

肉类研究 2021年10期

孙晋跃 王德宝 孙芝兰 熊强 刘芳 徐为民 王道营 李坤鹏

摘 要:将超声(ultrasound,US)与热处理(heat,HT)相结合(UH),研究其对金黄色葡萄球菌游离细胞和生物膜细胞的杀菌效果,并分析其抗菌和抗生物膜机制。结果表明:US联合70 ℃ HT(UH70)可显著降低金黄色葡萄球菌游离细胞和生物膜细胞的數量(P<0.05);扫描电子显微镜结果表明,UH70对菌体细胞的细胞膜完整性具有明显的破坏作用,激光共聚焦扫描显微镜显示,UH70导致细胞的通透性急剧增加,从而导致胞外ATP、核酸和蛋白质含量显著增加(P<0.05);此外,UH70能引起细胞内呼吸链脱氢酶活性显著降低,引起生物膜胞外多糖含量显著降低(P<0.05)。综上所述,US结合HT与单独的US或HT相比具有较强的杀菌效果,它可以通过破坏金黄色葡萄球菌菌体细胞的细胞膜完整性,引起细胞膜通透性的改变,造成ATP、核酸、蛋白质外泄,降低细菌呼吸链脱氢酶的活性,达到协同杀菌目的。

关键词:超声;热处理;金黄色葡萄球菌;游离细胞;生物膜

Antibacterial and Antibiofilm Mechanism of Ultrasound in Combination with Heat against Staphylococcus aureus

SUN Jinyue1,2, WANG Debao1, SUN Zhilan1, XIONG Qiang2, LIU Fang1,*, XU Weimin1, WANG Daoying1, LI Kunpeng3

(1.Institute of Agricultural Products Processing, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China;

2.College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China;

3.Xuzhou Datun Lijia Food Co. Ltd, Xuzhou 221618, China)

Abstract: This study was devised to investigate the bactericidal effect and mechanism of ultrasound (US) in combination with heat (HT) against Staphylococcus aureus planktonic and biofilm cells. The results showed that US combined with HT at 70 ℃ (UH70) significantly reduced the counts of Staphylococcus aureus planktonic and biofilm cells (P < 0.05). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that UH70 obviously damaged the cell membrane. Confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) indicated that UH70 sharply increased the permeability of the cell membrane, thereby causing a significant increase in the extracellular concentrations of ATP, nucleic acid and protein (P < 0.05). In addition, UH70 significantly decreased the activity of intracellular respiratory chain dehydrogenase and the concentration of extracellular polysaccharide in the biofilm (P < 0.05). In conclusion, US combined with HT could have stronger bactericidal effect than either alone. The synergistic bactericidal mechanism may be related to destroying the cell membrane, altering cell membrane permeability, causing the leakage of ATP, nucleic acid and protein out of the cells, and reducing the activity of respiratory chain dehydrogenase.

Keywords: ultrasound; heat; Staphylococcus aureus; planktonic cells; biofilm

DOI:10.7506/rlyj1001-8123-20210809-197

中图分类号:TS251.1                                         文献标志码:A 文章编号:1001-8123(2021)10-0062-08

引文格式:

孙晋跃, 王德宝, 孙芝兰, 等. 超声结合热处理对金黄色葡萄球菌及其生物膜的抗菌和抗生物膜机制[J]. 肉类研究, 2021, 35(10): 62-69. DOI:10.7506/rlyj1001-8123-20210809-197.    http://www.rlyj.net.cn

SUN Jinyue, WANG Debao, SUN Zhilan, et al. Antibacterial and antibiofilm mechanism of ultrasound in combination with heat against Staphylococcus aureus[J]. Meat Research, 2021, 35(10): 62-69. DOI:10.7506/rlyj1001-8123-20210809-197.    http://www.rlyj.net.cn

鸡肉肉质鲜美,脂肪含量低,蛋白质含量高,口感细腻,因此一直受到消费者的喜爱[1]。目前,鸡肉的营销以冷鲜鸡肉为主。冷鲜鸡肉指的是在0~4 ℃条件下贮藏和销售的鸡肉。但是,由于处理温度相对较低,且蛋白质含量高,因此鸡肉极易受到一些食源性致病菌和食源性条件致病菌污染,从而导致鸡肉腐败变质[2]。金黄色葡萄球菌作为革兰氏阳性食源性病原菌之一,可引起人和动物受伤部位的感染,引发心血管发炎和肺炎[3-4]。同时,奶酪、牛肉、鸡肉、鱼类等高蛋白食品易受到金黄色葡萄球菌的污染[5-7]。生物膜是细菌污染食品的另外一种方式。一方面,生物膜的胞外会有许多大分子物质聚集,形成一层胞外基质。胞外基质的存在会对细菌起到保护作用,增强细菌对外界环境的抵抗能力,增加灭菌难度[8]。

另一方面,食品、食品加工设备以及一些隐蔽处会增大形成生物膜的的风险,从而导致食品的交叉污染[9-10]。……

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