李曼芝 朱强 曾继娟 牛锦凤

摘    要：為探索霸王植物叶绿体基因的系统进化，以银川植物园沙生植物种质资源库提供的霸王为试验材料，采用Illumina HiSeq X Ten测序系统对其叶绿体基因组DNA建库测序，借助近缘参考序列，得到霸王的叶绿体全基因组序列，并采用MEGA7软件通过邻接法基于叶绿体全基因组序列对牻牛儿苗科、蒺藜科共20个物种构建系统发育树。结果表明，霸王叶绿体基因组序列全长105 349 bp，包括长单拷贝区79 818 bp、短单拷贝区16 955 bp和2个反向重复序列4 288 bp，共编码97种基因，包括64种蛋白编码基因、29种tRNA基因和4种rRNA，检测到7种重复基因，包括4种蛋白质编码基因和3种tRNA;系统发育树中霸王与蒺藜科四合木的亲缘关系最近，与牻牛儿苗科老鹳草属、老鹳葵属亲缘关系较远。研究结果为进一步开展霸王植物资源的引种驯化提供参考依据。

关键词：霸王;叶绿体基因组;测序与分析

中图分类号：Q941+.2          文献标识码：A         DOI 编码：10.3969/j.issn.1006-6500.2021.10.004

Sequencing and Stuctural Analysis of Chloroplast Genome in Zygophyllum xanthoxylum

LI Manzhi1， ZHU Qiang2，3， ZENG Jijuan2，3， NIU Jinfeng4

（Ningxia Ningmiao Ecological Garden Co.， Ltd.， Yinchuan， Ningxia 750004， China; Ningxia Forestry Institute Co.， Ltd.，Yinchuan， Ningxia 750004， China; State Key Laboratory of Seeding Bioengineering， Yinchuan， Ningxia 750004， China; Ningxia State-owned Forest Farm and Forest Seedling Station， Yinchuan， Ningxia 750004， China）

Abstract： To explore the phylogenetic evolution of chloroplast genes in Zygophyllum xanthoxylum plant， Zygophyllum xanthoxylum provided by the psammophyte germplasm bank of Yinchuan Botanical Garden were used as the material， and Illumina high-throughput sequencing technology was employed to sequence its chloroplast genome. By relative reference sequence， the complete chloroplast genome sequence of Zygophyllum xanthoxylum was obtained. Phylogenetic tree of 20 species belonging to Geraniacea and Zygophyllaceae based on chloroplast genome were constructed using neighbor-joining method through MEGA7 software. The result showed that the chloroplast genome sequence of Zygophyllum xanthoxylum was 105 349 bp in length， including a long single copy region of 79 818 bp， a short single copy region of 16 955 bp and two inverted repeats of 4 288 bp. A total of 97 genes were encoded， including 64 protein-coding genes， 29 tRNA genes and 4 rRNAs. A total of 7 repetitive genes were detected， including 4 protein-coding genes and 3 tRNAs. According to the phylogenetic tree， Zygophyllum xanthoxylum had the closest relationship with Tetraena mongolica， but had the relative farther relationship with Geranium and California which belonged to Geraniacea. The results could provide a reference for the further introduction and domestication of Zygophyllum xanthoxylum plant resources.

Key words： Zygophyllum xanthoxylum; chloroplast genome; sequencing and analysis

霸王（Zygophyllum xanthoxylum），蒺藜科（Zygophy-

llaceae）多浆旱生灌木，是分布于亚洲中部荒漠区的特有种[1]，在维持干旱区脆弱的生态与环境方面具有重要作用[2]。作为我国西北荒漠区植被组成的主要优势种，霸王在漫长的进化过程中形成了独特的适应机制，蕴含着丰富的抗逆基因资源[3]，备受关注。目前，国内外学者已从不同角度对霸王在干旱环境下的适应机理[4-6]、药用成分及生态修复[7]等方面进行了研究。随着研究的不断深入，Khalik等[8]从61种形态特征方面讨论了霸王属植物在蒺藜科的系统位置;Beier等[9]分析了霸王属（Sarcozygium Bunge）与……