陪伴人员喂食过程评估表在预防AECOPD患者误吸中的应用
2021-09-30卢慧简
卢慧简



[摘要] 目的 探討陪伴人员喂食过程评估表在预防慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期(Acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,AECOPD)患者误吸中的应用效果。 方法 选取2017年6月至2018年6月我科收治的AECOPD患者132例,随机分为两组,对照组进行常规喂食,研究组患者进食前先对陪伴人员喂食过程进行评估,根据评估结果对陪伴人员进行防误吸宣教后再喂食。比较两组患者误吸发生率、陪伴人员在喂食过程中满意率、错误率。 结果 研究组第1天误吸发生率为4.5%(3/66),第8天误吸发生率为3.0%(2/66),第14天误吸发生率为1.5%(1/66),对照组第1天误吸发生率为7.6%(5/66),第8天误吸发生率为6.0%(4/66),第14天误吸发生率为6.0%(4/66),因此,第1天、第8天,第14天研究组误吸发生率均小于对照组(P<0.05);研究组陪伴人员在喂食过程中发生的错误率为6.1%(4/66),对照组陪伴人员在喂食过程中发生的错误率为15.2%(10/66),研究组陪伴人员在喂食过程中满意率为93.9%(62/66),对照组陪伴人员在喂食过程中满意率为84.8%(56/66),研究组陪伴人员在喂食过程中满意率高于对照组(P<0.05),研究组陪伴人员在喂食过程中错误率低于对照组(P<0.05)。 结论 AECOPD患者误吸预防中,陪伴人员喂食过程评估表发挥了非常重要的作用,值得在临床上广泛推广与应用。
[关键词] 陪伴人员喂食过程评估表;预防;AECOPD;误吸;风险
[中图分类号] R473 [文献标识码] B [文章编号] 1673-9701(2021)16-0168-04
Application of companion feeding process evaluation table in prevention of aspiration in AECOPD patients
LU Huijian
Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shunde Hospital of Southern Medical University (The First People′s Hospital of Shunde), Foshan 528300, China
[Abstract] Objective To investigate the efficacy of companion feeding process evaluation table in prevention of aspiration in AECOPD patients. Methods 132 AECOPD patients admitted to our department from June 2017 to June 2018 were selected and randomly divided into the study group and the control group. The control group was treated with routine feeding, while the feeding process of the companions was evaluated before feeding in the study group. According to the evaluation results, the companions were taught to prevent aspiration before feeding. The incidence of aspirations, satisfaction rate and error rate of the companions during feeding were compared between the two groups. Results The incidence of aspirations was 4.5% (3/66), 3.0% (2/66) and 1.5% (1/66) at 1 d, 8 d, and 14 d in the study group, and 7.6% (5/66), 6.0% (4/66) and 6.0% (4/66) in the control group, respectively. Therefore, the incidence of aspirations in the study group was lower than that in the control group at 1 d, 8 d, and 14 d (P<0.05). The error rate of the companions in the study group during feeding was 6.1% (4/66), while that in the control group was 15.2% (10/66). The satisfaction rate of the companions in the study group was 93.9% (62/66), while that in the control group was 84.8% (56/66). Therefore, the satisfaction rate of the companions in the study group during feeding was higher than that of the control group(P<0.05), and the error rate of the companions in the study group during feeding was lower than that of the control group(P<0.05). Conclusion In the prevention of aspiration of AECOPD patients, the companion feeding process evaluation table plays a very important role, which is worthy of more extensive promotion and application in clinical practice.
[Key words] Companion feeding process evaluation table; Prevention; AECOPD; Aspiration; Risk
误吸主要是指在未进食或者是进食时,有胃食管反流物、口腔内分泌物、食物等进入到声门以下的气道中[1]。咽喉部位是摄食与吸入空气的共同通道,呼吸、吞咽这两者之间的协同属于复杂又精细的过程,当人在吞咽时气道会完全封闭,这样才可以保证在吞咽食物时不会由于呼吸而导致误吸的发生[2-3]。由于老年人群的身体各项组织、机能、生理功能发生了衰老与减退,加之存在很多其他基础疾病的原因,更容易发生误吸。误吸会使慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期(Acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,AECOPD)患者的病情更加严重,增加误吸的发生率,我科在预防AECOPD患者误吸中,使用陪伴人员喂食过程评估表进行预防,有效降低了患者发生误吸的概率,提高了陪伴人员在喂食过程中满意率,降低了错误率,现报道如下。……
