郑晓佳　金丽红　　刘良红　　施赵维　　方国美

[關键词] 非内分泌科;护士;糖尿病;认知现状;专科培训

[中图分类号] R97;R4          [文献标识码] B          [文章编号] 1673-9701（2021）16-0176-04

Investigation on the status quo of diabetes knowledge of non-endocrinology nurses and the specialist training model

ZHENG Xiaojia1   JIN Lihong2   LIU Lianghong1   SHI Zhaowei1   FANG Guomei2

1.Department of Endocrinology，Lishui People′s Hospital in Zhejiang Province，Lishui   323000，China;2.Department of Nursing，Lishui People′s Hospital in Zhejiang Province，Lishui   323000，China

[Abstract] Objective To investigate and understand the status quo of diabetes knowledge of non-endocrinology nurses，and to explore the specialist training model so as to improve the nurses' diabetes knowledge awareness. Methods A cluster sampling method was adopted to select 100 non-endocrinology nurses who were employed in their positions by the medical alliance from January 2019 to June 2019 as the study subjects. The self-made diabetes knowledge questionnaire was used to conduct on-site surveys on nurses. The questionnaires were distributed and collected on site， and the results of the survey were analyzed statistically. The diabetes knowledge awareness of nurses at different years of ages，at different lengths of nursing practicing， and of different titles were analyzed. According to the random number table method，100 non-endocrinology nurses were randomly divided into two groups， namely a control group and an observation group. The control group was trained by the hospital′s endocrinology department for routine diabetes knowledge training. The observation group was trained on diabetes knowledge by professional internal trainers of diabetes in the hospital. The training results were compared between the two groups. Results The questionnaires of 100 non-endocrinology nurses were all effectively recovered， and the effective recovery rate was 100.00%. The awareness rates of 100 non-endocrinology nurses on basic diabetes knowledge，dietary knowledge，exercise knowledge，medication knowledge，blood glucose monitoring knowledge， and complication care knowledge were 78.00%，73.00%，71.00%， 69.00%， 72.00%， 67.00% respectively; the awareness scores of nurses at different ages， at different lengths of nursing practices， and of different professional titles on basic diabetes knowledge，dietary knowledge，exercise knowledge，medication knowledge， blood glucose monitoring knowledge，and complication care knowledge were compared，and the differences were statistically significant（P<0.05）. After training，the observation group′s awareness scores of basic diabetes knowledge，dietary knowledge，exercise knowledge，medication knowledge，blood glucose monitoring knowledge， and complication nursing knowledge were higher than those in the control group（P<0.05）. The diabetes management ability score and self-efficacy score in the observation group were higher than those in the control group（P<0.05）. Conclusion Non-endocrinology nurses' awareness of diabetes knowledge is not optimistic， especially nurses with shorter nursing practices and lower level professional title. The hospital needs to strengthen the professional training of diabetes knowledge for non-endocrinology nurses to enhance their diabetes knowledge awareness and diabetes management capabilities.

[Key words] Non-endocrinology departments; Nurses; Diabetes; Status quo of knowledge awareness; Specialist training

糖尿病是一种以“高血糖”为特征的临床常见病，属于慢性代谢性疾病，其发病率高、并发症多，严重危害到广大居民的生命健康[1-2]。糖尿病患者多就诊于内分泌科室，也有部分非内分泌科患者检出糖尿病，然而，非内分泌科护士对糖尿病的重视程度不足，其对糖尿病的理论知识和护理操作技能掌握不足，还有待提升[3-6]。本研究针对医联体100名非内分泌科在岗护士进行调查，以了解非内分泌科护士的糖尿病知识认知现状，并探讨提高非内分泌科护士糖尿病知识认知的专科培训模式，现报道如下。

1 资料与方法

1.1 一般资料

整群抽样法选择2019年1—6月医联体在职在岗的100名非内分泌科护士作为研究对象，100名护士均为女性，年龄21～49岁，年龄≥40岁、<40岁分别有33例、67例，护龄≥10年、<10年分别有35例、65例，职称分别为护士42例、护师37例、主管护师及以上21例。

依据随机数字表法将100名非内分泌科护士随机分为对照组和观察组，每组各50例。对照组年龄21～48岁，平均（36.74±9.18）岁，护龄≥10年、<10年分别有17例、33例，职称分别为护士21例、护师19例、主管护师及以上10例。观察组年龄23～49岁，平均（36.97±9.23）岁，护龄≥10年、<10年分别有18例、32例，职称分别为护士21例、护师18例、主管护师及以上11例。两组的一般资料比较，差异无统计学意义（P>0.05），具有可比性。

1.2 方法

1.2.1 调查方法  采用自制的糖尿病知识认知调查问卷对100名医联体非内分泌专科护士开展现场调查，现场发放和回收调查问卷，统计调查结果。调查问卷主要包括糖尿病基本知识、饮食知识、运动知识、用药知识、血糖监测知识、并发症护理知识，知晓则答“是”，反之答“否”[7-9]。

1.2.2 培训方法  ①对照组由医院内分泌科组织进行糖尿病知识常规培训，参考《中国2型糖尿病防治指南》进行培训，培训老师由内分泌科省级糖尿病专科护士担任，每周培训1次，每次培训时间60 min，持续培训8次。……