浅析我国采场覆岩运动理论研究现状
2021-09-30白雪斌
白雪斌
摘 要:随着煤矿开采深度的不断增加及开采技术水平的提高,许多新的解释采场矿压显现的假说和观点陆续出现。通过文献整理,该文系统阐述了采场矿山压力理论、采动覆岩空间结构与应力场的动态关系、放顶煤覆岩运动与采场矿压显现、大采高综采覆岩运动与采场矿压显现的研究进展,为解决实际工程中采场矿压显现异常提供了有力的理论基础。
关键词:采场 矿山压力 矿压显现 覆岩结构
中图分类号:TD31 文献标识码:A文章编号:1672-3791(2021)06(c)-0028-03
Discussion on the Status Quo of Theoretical Research on Overburden Movement in Stope in China
BAI Xuebin
(Shanxi Institute of Technology, Yangquan, Shanxi Province, 045000 China)
Abstract: With the continuous increase of coal mining depth and the improvement of mining technology, many new hypotheses and viewpoints to explain the behavior of stope ground pressure appear one after another. Through literature sorting, this paper systematically expounds the research progress of stope mine pressure theory, the dynamic relationship between mining overburden spatial structure and stress field, top coal caving overburden movement and stope mine pressure behavior, large mining height fully mechanized mining overburden movement and stope mine pressure behavior, which provides a strong theoretical basis for solving the anomaly of stope mine pressure behavior in practical engineering.
Key Words: Stope; Mine pressure; Mine pressure behavior; Overburden structure
近年來,随着采掘设备能力的提升,大采高综采、综放成为厚煤层主要的开采手段,这样煤层一次采出空间急剧增加,伴随着采场矿压控制难题日益凸显,而矿山压力显现是覆岩结构运动的直观反映。大采高深部开采中与动载损害相关的覆岩活动与应力场范围,在竖直方向上已经超出了采场近距离基本顶的范围[1],随之产生了新的理论来指导生产实践。该文系统论述了深部开采条件下采场矿山压力理论、采动覆岩空间结构与应力场的动态关系、放顶煤覆岩运动与采场矿压显现、大采高综采覆岩运动与采场矿压显现等方面的研究进展。
1 采场覆岩结构理论研究进展
1.1 早期认识阶段
纵观采场覆岩结构理论发展历史,早期比较有代表性的假说有压力拱假说、悬臂梁假说、预成裂隙假说、铰接岩块假说等[2],在此基础上,采场上覆岩层结构理论得到了进一步发展[2]。
1.2 近代发展阶段
1.2.1 以“砌体梁”及“关键层”为主体的理论……p>
