摘 要：为进一步加强专业化众创空间示范，推动创新创业高质量发展，形成“大众创业、万众创新”新局面。文章基于国家创新系统视角阐述了科研院所在国家创新系统中的功能定位及其所建专业化众创空间的桥梁作用;对已批建的科研院所专业化众创空间进行深度分析，剖析其内在运行特征;并结合案例研究，梳理科研院所专业化众创空间的建设思路。研究表明：相比传统众创空间的“自由生长”之路，专业化众创空间的建设和发展则走的是“精细耕作”之路，更加注重创新创业服务的质量和水平，具有新型研发机构属性的科研院所应是未来专业化众创空间建设的一个重要方向。最后，从立足专业优势、创新运行机制、完善融资渠道、做强创业平台等四个方面提出建设对策。

关键词：国家创新系统;科研院所;众创空间;专业化;功能定位

中图分类号：G 322

文献标识码：A   文章编号：1672-7312（2021）05-0504-06

Ideas and Countermeasures for the Construction of Specialized

Mass Innovation Space in Scientific Research Institutes

from the Perspective of National Innovation System

HU Xianjie

（Torch High Technology Industry Development Center of Nanjing，Nanjing 210018，China）

Abstract：In order to further strengthen the demonstration of specialized mass innovation space，promote the highquality development of innovation and entrepreneurship，and thus form a new development pattern of mass entrepreneurship and innovation，this paper，from the perspective of the national innovation system，expounds the functional orientation and the bridge role of the scientific research institutes in building the specialized mass innovation space;After an indepth analysis of the case of the approved specialized mass innovation space of scientific research institutes，the paper studied their internal operation characteristics and reviewed the ideas for the construction of the specialized mass innovation space in scientific research institutes.The research shows that：compared with the “free growth” road of traditional maker space，the construction and development of specialized mass innovation space is a “fine farming” approach，with more attention to the quality and level of innovation and entrepreneurship services;that Scientific research institutes with the attributes of new R & D institutions should be an important direction for the construction of specialized maker space in the future.Finally，the paper proposed construction countermeasures from four aspects：based on professional advantages，innovating operating mechanisms，improving financing channels，and strengthening entrepreneurial platforms.Key words：national innovation system;scientific research institutes;maker space;specialization;functional orientation

0 引言2016年 2月，國务院办公厅印发《关于加快众创空间发展服务实体经济转型升级的指导意见》（国办发〔2016〕7号），从战略高度规范和引导众创空间引入龙头骨干企业、高校、科研院所的优质资源，打造产学研用紧密结合的专业化众创空间。截至目前，科技部已在全国范围内遴选、批准建设了73家国家专业化众创空间，其中依托科研院所建设的专业化众创空间20家，占比27.4%，仅次于依托龙头骨干企业建设的专业化众创空间数量[1]。同时，从产业布局来看，科研院所所建专业化众创空间涉及的专业技术领域包括生物医药、智能装备、集成电路、数字交通、激光技术、精细化工、自动化仪表等多个方面，既有关乎前沿科学技术，也有关乎传统产业转型升级。……