王珽珽 雷巍 廖蓉蓉

摘 要：目的：运用Actigraph GT3X建立散打运动员专项体能能量消耗的评价模型，为散打运动员平时专项体能的训练安排提供参考依据。方法：将Actigraph GT3X佩戴于男、女散打运动员的腰部，分别进行专项力量、专项耐力、专项速度和专项柔韧四维度训练时的能量消耗测试，以探讨专项力量、专项耐力、专项速度和专项柔韧四层面对专项体能能耗体系中的能耗特征。结果：（1）散打男女运动员专项体能能耗水平呈现各自的特征，其中男子散打运动员专项体能体系中，以专项耐力为基础，而女子散打运动员方面则是以专项力量为基础。（2）构建了男女散打运动员专项体能能耗水平的结构模型与评价体系，研制出了男女散打运动员专项体能能耗水平的评价方程和评价等级区间。（3）男、女散打运动员的ESMSPF模型提示，男、女子散打运动员专项体能训练中的专项力量、耐力、速度和柔韧四大素质训练的安排时间比例可分别设置为4∶4∶3∶1和3∶2∶2∶1。结论：散打教练员等在专项体能训练时，可以在利用“男女散打运动员专项体能能耗水平评估方程”来评价运动员们的专项体能训练水平情况。

关键词：散打;专项体能;能量消耗;结构模型;评价方程

中图分类号：G808

文献标识码：A

文章编号：1008-2808（2021）05-0034-05

Abstract：

Objective： to establish the energy consumption model of Sanda athletes by using actigraph gt3x， so as to provide reference for the evaluation of Sanda Athletes special physical fitness training. Methods： the Actigraph GT3x was worn on the waist of male and Female Sanda athletes， and the energy consumption of special strength， special endurance， special speed and special flexibility were tested respectively to explore the energy consumption characteristics of special strength， special endurance， special speed and special flexibility in the energy consumption system of special physical fitness. Results： （1） the specific energy consumption level of male and Female Sanda athletes presents their own characteristics， in which the special physical fitness system of male Sanda athletes is based on special endurance， while that of Female Sanda athletes is based on special strength. （2） The structure model and evaluation system of specific physical energy consumption level of male and Female Sanda athletes were constructed， and the evaluation equation and evaluation grade range of specific physical energy consumption level of male and Female Sanda athletes were developed. （3） The esmspf model of male and Female Sanda athletes suggests that the time proportion of special strength， endurance， speed and flexibility training of male and Female Sanda athletes can be set as 4∶4∶3∶1 and 3∶2∶2∶1 respectively. Conclusion： Sanda coaches can use “evaluation equation of specific physical energy consumption level of male and Female Sanda Athletes” to evaluate their special physical training level.

Key words：

Sanda; Special physical fitness; Energy consumption; Structural model; Evaluation equation

散打運动的特点是重复性身体素质组成的项目，其比赛中非重复性循环肌肉动作的表现主要依靠“专项力量、专项耐力、专项速度和专项柔韧”四项身体素质来支撑，将这四项身体素质结合，则是散打运动员的专项体能[1-2];可以说专项体能是散打运动员竞技表现高低的基础。……