羊小反刍兽疫诊断及预防措施
2021-09-27高芳明
高芳明
摘要:羊小反刍兽疫是国家一类重大传染性疾病,该病传播速度快,死亡率极高,会威胁到一个羊养殖场乃至整个地区羊养殖场的安全。小反兽疫病毒的传播速度快,且传播途徑多种多样,当一个群体中出现个别病例后,病毒能在短时间内向整个羊群快速传播,引发群体性发病,造成群体性死亡,带来严重的经济损失。该文探讨了羊小反刍兽疫的流行病学、临床症状、病理特征和防控手段,希望对该病发生流行的控制有一定的帮助。
关键词:羊小反刍兽疫;诊断;预防措施
中图分类号:S858.26文献标识码:Bdoi:10.3969/j.issn.2096-3637.2021.24.070
Diagnosis and Preventive Measures of Sheep Ruminant Epidemic
GAO Fangming
(Agricultural and Rural Bureau of Qingyuan District,Baoding City,Baoding Hebei 071100,China)
Abstract:Sheep ruminant disease is a major infectious disease in China. The disease spreads rapidly and causes high mortality,which will threaten the safety of a sheep farm and even the whole region. The spread of small anti veterinary disease virus is fast,and there are many ways of transmission. When there are individual cases in a group,the virus can quickly spread to the whole sheep in a short time,causing mass disease,mass death and serious economic losses. Combined with practical work experience,this study discussed the epidemiology,clinical symptoms,pathological characteristics and prevention and control methods of the epidemic disease of small ruminants,hoping to be helpful to better control the occurrence and prevalence of this disease.
Keywords:sheep ruminant disease,diagnosis,preventive measure
0引言
小反刍兽疫病毒可引发重大传染性疾病,该病的传播速度极快。一旦出现患病病例,如果没有立即采取措施进行有效的封锁、隔离,该病就会向整个群体快速传播,危及到整个羊群的健康生长,甚至会对一个地区羊养殖安全构成严重的威胁。2007年,西藏地区首次发现了小反刍兽疫病毒感染。2013年,在新疆、甘肃、宁夏、内蒙古等羊养殖主产区广泛传播流行,不到半个月的时间,全国范围内有14个省份发生多起小反刍兽疫病毒感染。国际畜牧兽医局将小反刍兽疫划为A类法定报告的动物疫病,我国将其划归为一类重大传染性疾病。该病发生流行之后,由于缺乏针对性的治疗药物,会对该批次的羊群进行全面的扑杀,再无害化处理。同时要做好流行病学调查工作,掌握周边地区羊群的感染情况,确保在早期发现疫情时,启动重大传染性疾病防治方案,集中控制,避免病毒向周边养殖场扩散带来更为严重的危害。……
