韦洪妹

摘要：当前我国生猪养殖业不断发展，但由于规模化养殖的资金投入较多，很多农民难以承受，主要以散养养殖、中小规模养殖为主。当前农村地区生猪饲养养殖户数量众多，点多面广，养殖较为分散，给动物疫病的防控带来很大的压力。由于基层的动物防疫人员数量相对较少，覆盖面积相对较大，在进行动物疾病集中防控过程中，难以全面照顾、全面覆盖，很容易给各类传染性疾病的传播流行提供条件。再加上很多养殖户疫病防控意识不到位，出现传染性疾病之后，不能够做到主动上报，等到疫情大范围传播流行之后再进行疾病防治难度相对较大，会带来巨大的经济损失。该文主要论述农村生猪散养环节疫病发生流行的原因及疫病防控要点。

关键词：农村生猪散养户;疫病防控;技术要点

中图分类号：S858.28文献标识码：Bdoi：10.3969/j.issn.2096-3637.2021.24.058

The Key Points of Prevention and Control of Diseases in the Breeding Link of Rural Live Pig Farmers

WEI Hongmei

（Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center of Donglan County，Donglan Guangxi 547400，China）

Abstract：At present，the pig breeding industry in our country is developing continuously，but due to the large investment of large-scale breeding，many farmers are unbearable，mainly focus on free-range breeding and small and medium-scale breeding. At present，there are a large number of pig farmers in rural areas，with a wide range of points，and the breeding is relatively scattered，which has brought great pressure to the prevention and control of animal diseases. Since the number of grassroots animal epidemic prevention personnel is relatively small and the coverage area is relatively large，it is difficult to comprehensively take care of and cover all kinds of infectious diseases in the process of centralized prevention and control of animal diseases，and it is easy to provide conditions for the spread of various infectious diseases. In addition，many farmers are not fully aware of disease prevention and control. When infectious diseases appear，they cannot actively report. It is relatively difficult to prevent diseases after the epidemic spreads on a large scale，which often brings huge economic losses. Based on practical work experience，this article discusses the causes of the epidemic in rural live pig farms，and then discusses the key points of disease prevention and control，hoping that the research results will be helpful to colleagues.

Keywords：rural live pig farmers，disease prevention and control，technical points

0引言

当前，为了更好地推动农村地区的经济健康发展，国家出台一系列的扶持政策，积极引导农民发展适度规模的生猪养殖产业，规模化生猪养殖业迅猛发展。但从总体情况来看，中小规模养殖户占据着主导地位，养殖较为分散，点多面广。有些养殖户具有一定的养殖经验，但是养殖场地较为狭小，功能不全，设施比较简陋，环境卫生控制不到位，缺乏高素质的工作人员，常会受到各类传染性疾病的困扰，严重影响到生猪养殖效益，有时会面临着惨重的经济损失。需要加强对散养养殖户疫病防控知识的有效宣传和带动，引导广大养殖户转变传统认知，加强对传染性疾病的针对性防控，构建完善的生物安全体系，有效杜绝外来疫病的侵入。……