草原保护与建设存在的问题及对策
2021-09-27刘刚
刘刚
摘要:草原保护与建设的基本目标是维护草原生态环境,严格杜绝人为破坏草场生态环境的行为。同时,全面促进草原建设的实践工作有益于助推当地经济的发展,确保农牧民能依赖草原的天然生态资源实现致富目标。近年来,一些地区的农牧民由于过度索取草原生态资源,造成草场生态平衡遭到明显破坏。该文重点探讨了草原保护与建设中的缺陷难题,结合草原保护与建设的总体实施目标探索完善与优化思路。
关键词:草原保护;建设;现存问题;改进对策
中图分类号:S812.6文献标识码:Bdoi:10.3969/j.issn.2096-3637.2021.22.051
Problems and Countermeasures of Grassland Protection and Construction
LIU Gang
(Grassland Station of Xinjiang Nilka County Forestry and Grassland Bureau,Yili Xinjiang 835700,China)
Abstract:The basic goal of grassland protection and construction is to maintain the grassland ecological environment and to strictly stop the man-made destruction of the grassland ecological environment. At the same time,the comprehensive promotion of grassland construction practices is beneficial to boosting local economic development and ensuring that farmers and herders can rely on the natural ecological resources of grasslands to achieve their wealth goals. In recent years,the ecological balance of grasslands has been significantly damaged due to the over-exploitation of grassland ecological resources by farmers and herders in some areas. This paper focuses on the deficiencies in grassland protection and construction,and explores the ideas of improvement and optimization in the context of the overall implementation goals of grassland protection and construction.
Keywords:grassland protection,construction,existing problems,improvement countermeasures
0引言
天然草場资源是农牧行业生产所必需的基础物质资源。草原在自然生态体系中占据重要地位,草原本身具有地域气候调节、水源涵养、人文历史因素承载及经济社会发展支撑等重要作用。
1草原保护与建设工作实例
新疆伊犁尼勒克县位于新疆北部,中天山西段,伊犁地区的东北腹地。全县草场总面积共6 776 km2,其中,可利用面积6 130 km2,牲畜存栏总量达96.85万头(只、匹)。其中,唐布拉草原位于尼勒克县境内,是喀什河上游峡谷地带的草原景观统称,名称来源于唐布拉大峡谷。近年来,尼勒克县草原生态管理部门全面着眼于草原建设、保护实践工作,近5年已经达成4.67万hm2围栏建设覆盖面积、6 000 hm2退化草场补播面积、7 666.67 hm2毒害草防除覆盖面积,充分展现草原保护与建设工作的良好成效。
2草原保护与建设工作存在的问题
2.1草原生态保护的体系机制缺失
体系机制缺失给草原保护工作带来较大难度,当前阶段,草原保护工作机制正在逐步形成,趋向合理化,但草原保护工作的运行管理机制未得到健全[1]。……
