一例牦牛病毒性腹泻诊断与防治
2021-09-27王琴琴
王琴琴
摘要:牛病毒性腹泻又称牛黏膜病毒感染,可导致牛黏膜、免疫系统严重损伤,进而引发腹泻。该病传染性强,会导致牛群反复发病,病情严重的会出现死亡,给饲养者带来经济损失。该文主要对牛病毒性腹泻的起因、发病、诊断进行分析,采用中西医结合方式治疗,同时对牦牛的饲养圈舍采取消毒以及保持卫生等措施,以期对养殖企业、个体户减少相关经济上的损失有所帮助。
关键词:牛病毒性腹泻;诊断;防治
中图分类号:S858.23文献标识码:Bdoi:10.3969/j.issn.2096-3637.2021.24.028
Diagnosis and Control of a Case of Viral Diarrhea in Yaks
WANG Qinqin
(Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Changdu City,Tibet Autonomous Region,Tibet 854000,China)
Abstract:Bovine viral diarrhea,also known as bovine mucosal virus infection,can cause serious injury to the mucous membrane and immune system of cattle,which in turn leads to diarrhea. This disease the disease is infectious and highly contagious,which can lead to recurrent disease in cattle. The disease can cause death in cattle with severe disease. This brings a lot of economic losses to the breeder. Therefore,the purpose of this writing is to analyze the causes,pathogenesis and diagnosis of bovine viral diarrhea,using a combination of traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine to treat the disease,and to take measures such as disinfection and keeping clean and hygienic for the feeding pen of cattle consumption. To help,in order to reduce the related economic losses for breeding enterprises and individual households.
Keywords:bovine viral diarrhea;diagnosis;prevention and treatment
0引言
牛病毒性腹瀉,又称牛黏膜病,其病原为牛病毒性腹泻病毒(BVDV),属于黄病毒科瘟病毒属,是导致牛病毒性腹泻的传染性病毒,各种年龄的牛都易感,其中以幼龄牛的易感性更高。该病于1946年首次发现于美国纽约州的发病奶牛中,而后遍布于世界各国,美国、新西兰、加拿大等尤其严重。我国于1980年首次报道了BVDV的存在,随后我国的许多病原生物学家对不同的省份的BVDV流行状况进行了的大规模的调查,目前已证实新疆、青海、甘肃、宁夏、江西、湖南、浙江及上海等省市都存在BVDV的感染,显示BVDV的感染率达16.5%~89%,给畜牧养殖业造成了巨大的经济损失[1-3]。
牛病毒性腹泻病毒主要是以牛黏膜病毒为主的RNA囊病毒,具有较强的传染新。牛病毒性腹泻病毒可感染任何品种、性别和年龄的牛,6~8月龄牛尤为易感。病毒可通过消化系统和呼吸系统感染牛,还可通过妊娠母牛胎盘将病毒传染给胎儿。牛病毒性腹泻一年四季均可发生,其中冬季和春季尤为频繁。……
