董凤华

摘要：猪支原体肺炎又被称为地方性肺炎和猪气喘病，是由肺炎支原体感染引发的一种呼吸道疾病和接触性疾病。猪支原体肺炎临床上造成的死亡率相对较低，大多数患病猪的临床症状较为缓和，但是会严重影响猪正常生长发育，造成饲料利用率显著下降，生长发育迟缓，日增重量显著降低，延长猪的出栏时间。该病属于免疫抑制性疾病，会出现不同程度的免疫抑制，诱发多种疾病混合感染、继发感染，危及猪的健康生长。加强疾病的针对性防控和流行病学调查，明确疾病的具体发病特点，采取针对有效措施进行防范，是控制该种疾病发生流行的最有效措施。该文主要论述猪支原体肺炎的流行特点、临床表现、病理特征和防治措施。

关键词：猪支原体肺炎;流行特征;防治

中图分类号：S858.28文献标识码：Bdoi：10.3969/j.issn.2096-3637.2021.23.017

Epidemic Characteristics，Prevention and Treatment of Mycoplasma Hyopneumoniae DONG Fenghua

（Xiangcheng Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center，Zhoukou City，Zhoukou Henan 466200，China）

Abstract：Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae，also known as endemic pneumonia and porcine asthma，is a respiratory and contact disease caused by mycoplasma pneumoniae infection. The mortality rate caused by mycoplasma hyopneumoniae is relatively low in clinic，and the clinical symptoms of most sick pigs are relatively mild，but it will seriously affect the normal growth and development of Pigs，resulting in a significant decrease in feed utilization rate and Growth and development retardation，the daily gain weight was significantly decreased and the time of pig feeding was prolonged. The disease is an immunosuppressive disease，which can induce mixed infection and secondary infection of various diseases and endanger the healthy growth of pigs. To strengthen the targeted prevention and control of the disease and epidemiological investigation，to identify the specific characteristics of the disease，and to take effective measures to prevent the disease is the most effective measure to control the occurrence and prevalence of the disease. This article mainly discusses the epidemic characteristics，clinical manifestations，pathological features and preventive measures of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae.

Keywords：mycoplasma suis pneumonia，epidemic characteristics，prevention and treatment

0引言

豬支原体肺炎是一种比较特殊的传染性疾病和呼吸系统疾病，引起该种致病原的肺炎支原体是微生物世界中最小的病原体，拥有特殊的生理结构，目前兽医临床对该种病原的研究还不透彻。猪支原体肺炎在养殖领域传播流行后，会严重威胁猪的健康生长，患病猪生长发育不良，甚至停止生长成为僵猪，养殖场的淘汰率显著增加。猪受到肺炎支原体侵染后，会不断破坏猪肺脏的免疫屏障，给其他病原菌和病毒的入侵打开门户。发生猪支原体肺炎的生猪养殖场经常会存在副猪嗜血杆菌、放线杆菌、败血性波氏杆菌、多杀性巴氏杆菌混合感染，临床上表现为气喘综合症，具有极高的发病率和死亡率。……