樊凤娇 阿荣

摘要：由于很多农牧民疫病科学防控意识较差，各类传染性疾病呈现高发流行的态势。很多传染性疾病发病较急，发病过程较短，造成的死亡率相对较高，一旦传播流行，来不及治疗，易造成大量羊死亡，给养殖户带来重大的经济损失。需要动物疫病预防控制部门与养殖场主共同发力，不断加强学习培训，根据传染性疾病的发生流行特征做科学有效的流行病学调查，构建综合性的防治措施，确保在短时间内能控制病情。该文探讨山羊疫病的发生流行特征，论述综合防控，希望研究成果对广大养殖场有所帮助。

关键词：山羊;疫病;综合防治

中图分类号：S858.27文献标识码：Bdoi：10.3969/j.issn.2096-3637.2021.24.011

Comprehensive Prevention and Control Technology of Goat Disease

FAN Fengjiao，A Rong

（Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region，Hohhot Inner Mongolia 010010，China）

Abstract：Due to the poor awareness of scientific prevention and control of epidemics among many farmers and herdsmen，various infectious diseases are showing a trend of high prevalence. Many infectious diseases have a rapid onset and a short course of onset，and a relatively high mortality rate. Once they spread and become popular，it is often too late to treat them，resulting in the death of a large number of sheep，which will bring great economic losses to farmers. In this regard，it is necessary for the animal disease prevention and control department and farm owners to work together to continuously strengthen learning and training，conduct scientific and effective epidemiological investigations and construct comprehensive prevention and control measures according to the occurrence and epidemic characteristics of common infectious diseases to ensure that the disease can be controlled in a short time. Based on practical work experience，this article discusses the occurrence and epidemiological characteristics of goat disease，and then discusses the comprehensive prevention and control technology，hoping to help the majority of farm ownersthrough the research.

Keywords：goat，epidemic disease，integrated control

0引言

山羊的抵抗能力相对较弱，在户外放牧和集约化规模化养殖管理过程中，一旦放牧场地和养殖环境发生变化，各种病原微生物就会大量滋生，羊群感染后会表现出特异性的临床症状。当前山羊疫病的发生流行特征已经发生显著的变化，原来单一性的疫病流行率呈现逐渐下降的态势，很多传染性疾病表现出两种以上混合感染、并发感染，临床症状十分复杂，给疫病的诊断工作带来了很大难度。需要手把手地指导养殖户将预防为主、综合防治的理念充分应用在山羊的养殖管理中，通过构建完善的动物疫病防控体系，加强对养殖场的针对性调控，提前对各类传染性疾病进行有效的控制。

1山羊疫病流行特点

1.1新型传染性疾病不断出现

内蒙古自治区有悠久的山羊养殖历史很多养殖户在发展山羊养殖前，并没有认真仔细地学习养殖技术，专业养殖知识欠缺，在养殖场构建和引种中存在不科学之处。……