李大民

摘要：随着鸡养殖规模的扩大，鸡粪便是主要的污染物，而蟒螬养殖是解决农村秸秆连同粪便生态处理的最佳方式，蛴螬是杂食性昆虫，尤其对富含有机质的动物粪便如腐熟、半腐熟的牛粪、猪粪、鸡粪等取食量大;蛴螬干粉可替代鱼粉。蛴螬吞噬量巨大，鸡粪+秸秆可以给蛴螬提供优质养料，彻底消化鸡粪等农业废弃物，蛴螬粪便又可作为优质有机肥。该文主要论述蛋鸡场鸡粪蛴螬生物循环处理项目背景及鸡粪生物循环处理方案设计。

关键词：鸡粪;蛴螬;秸秆;生态循环农业

中图分类号：S815.5文献标识码：Bdoi：10.3969/j.issn.2096-3637.2021.24.001

Planning Scheme of Biological Recycling Treatment of Chicken

Manure in 100 000-Feather Egg Farm

LI Damin

（YanglingSanyou Planting Cooperative，Yangling Shaanxi 712100，China）

Abstract：With the expansion of chicken farming scale，chicken feces is the main pollutant，and GRUB farming is the best way to solve the problem of ecological treatment of Straw and feces in rural areas，grub is an omnivorous insect，in particular，rich in organic matter of animal manure，such as decomposed，semi-decomposed cow dung，pig manure，chicken manure intake is large;grub dry powder can replace fish meal. The GRUB has a large amount of Phagocytosis，and the chicken manure and Straw can provide high-quality nutrients for Grub，and can be used as high-quality organic fertilizer by thoroughly digesting chicken manure and other agricultural wastes. This paper mainly discusses the background of the biological recycling treatment project of grubs in chicken manure and the design of the biological recycling treatment project of chicken manure.

Keywords：chicken manure，grubs，straw，eco-circular agriculture

0引言

随着鸡养殖规模的扩大，鸡粪便是主要的污染物，做好鸡粪生物循环处理方案设计尤为重要，而蛴螬养殖是解决农村秸秆连同粪便生态处理的最佳方式，蛴螬是金龟子的幼虫，在我国分布广泛，野生种收集十分容易，这也为人工饲养过程中种群种性的保持、更新与复壮创造非常好的自然条件。蛴螬蛋白替代鱼粉为我国饲料行业发展增加新的动力。

1蛋鸡场鸡粪蛴螬生物循环处理项目背景

1.1蛴螬规模化生产在生态循环农业中的作用

（1）蛴螬从3龄开始，每昼夜的食量是其自身重量的2?3倍甚至更多。其对淀粉、脂肪、蛋白等营养成份较高的食材，吞噬量更大。人工配制的养殖食料（鸡粪与秸秆按1：3体积比混合）蛋白质含量为20%左右，半腐熟植物纤维等成分占比80%左右，含水量60%。1 000头3龄幼虫（每头3～5 g）每昼夜可吃掉1.5～2.0 kg食料，10 000头3龄幼虫5个昼夜就可吃净1 t食材。……