摘  要：乡村振兴，物流先行。文章立足于乡村振兴战略，对长株潭地区生鲜农产品冷链上行物流组织模式进行研究，构建了“县—乡—村”三级冷链物流组织模式，通过整合纯农户、种植基地、农产品个体户、专业合作社等生鲜农产品，利用村级公益组织如村委会、村级办事处等、完善的村邮工程、可以辐射到村的小卖部（便利店）、村级加工型企业定时定点进行村级农产品集聚，乡镇运输服务站、客运站、邮政、电商服务网店进一步在乡镇集散，最后配送至城市的千家万户，此模式旨在探讨长株潭地区生鲜农产品进城组织模式，打通进城第一公里，促进农民增产增收，更好地带动长株潭农村经济以及区域经济更快的发展。

关键词：生鲜农产品;“县乡村”冷链物流;乡村振兴

中图分类号：F304.3    文献标识码：A

Abstract： Rural revitalization， logistics first. Based on the rural revitalization strategy， the article studies the cold chain upstream logistics organization model of fresh agricultural products in Changsha， Zhuzhou and Xiangtan areas， and builds a“county-township-village”three-level cold chain logistics organization model， which integrates pure farmers， planting bases， and agricultural products. Self-employed， professional cooperatives and other fresh agricultural products， use village-level non-profit organizations such as village committees， village-level offices， etc.， complete village post projects， small shops（convenience stores）that can be radiated to the village， and village-level processing enterprises. Village-level agricultural products gather， and township transportation service stations， passenger stations， postal services， and e-commerce service online stores are further distributed in towns and towns， and finally distributed to thousands of households in the city. This model aims to explore the organization mode of fresh agricultural products entering the city in Changzhutan， to open up the first kilometer into the city， promote farmers to increase production and income， and better promote the greater development of the rural economy of Changsha， Zhuzhou and Xiangtan and the regional economy.

Key words： fresh agricultural products;“county-township-village”cold chain logistics; rural revitalization

0  引  言

“政以民為本，民以食为天，食以安为先”，习近平总书记在十九大报告中明确提出了实施食品安全战略，让人民吃得放心，食品卫生、质量及安全问题得到了党和国家的高度重视;当前，城市大众消费理念由“吃的饱”转向“吃的好”、“吃的安全”，绿色、安全、有机食品需求剧增。另一方面，农民丰产不丰收，“水蜜桃滞销”、“火龙果滞销”等农产品滞销现象频现，乡村冷链上行物流已成为制约乡村产业振兴的瓶颈。《乡村振兴战略规划（2018-2022年）》明确提出：加快构建农村物流基础设施骨干网络，鼓励商贸、邮政、快递、供销、运输等企业加大在农村地区的设施网络布局。2020年中央一号文件明确提出：启动农产品仓储保鲜冷链物流设施建设工程，加强农产品冷链物流统筹规划、分级布局和标准制定，支持建设一批骨干冷链物流基地。……