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制造商竞争和碳减排下供应链信息共享研究

2021-09-18张光明黄亚南赵士南

物流科技 2021年7期

张光明 黄亚南 赵士南

摘  要:文章在两个进行碳减排投入的竞争型制造商和一个零售商组成的供应链结构下,研究零售商需求预测信息共享问题,分析不同模式下制造商竞争水平和碳减排成本系数对供应链成员信息共享价值的影响。研究表明,零售商在任何情况下都没有动机共享需求预测信息,但对制造商和供应链来说信息共享总是有利的,与两个制造商信息共享模式优于与单个制造商信息共享模式。最后通过算例分析制造商竞争强度和碳减排成本系数对供应链信息共享价值的影响。

关键词:碳减排;需求预测;信息共享;制造商横向竞争

中图分类号:F272    文献标识码:A

Abstract: This paper studied the information sharing of retailer demand forecasting, and analyzed the impact on the value of information sharing among supply chain members about the level of competition among manufacturers and the cost coefficient of carbon emission reduction under different models under the supply chain structure composed of two competing manufacturers who invest in carbon emission reduction and one retailer. Research shows that retailers have no incentive to share demand forecast information under any circumstances, but information sharing is always beneficial to manufacturers and supply chains. The information sharing model with two manufacturers is better than the information sharing model with a single manufacturer. Finally, an example was used to analyze the influence of manufacturers' competition intensity and carbon reduction cost coefficient on the value of supply chain information sharing.

Key words: carbon emission reduction; demand information forecast; information sharing;manufacturers horizontal competition

0  引  言

信息技术的发展使企业从广大信息资源中获得优势,并开始关注信息共享的问题。IBM和惠普要求下游零售商向他们提供销售数据[1];格力电器通过与零售商合作,及时收集、分析市场的信息,降低了市场需求预测的不确定性[2];零售企业沃尔玛为其供应商强生以及利华兄弟提供网店销售数据,方便供应商针对市场状况做出战略调整。国内外学者对供应链信息共享进行了研究。Lee等[3]研究了不确定需求下零售商向制造商共享需求信息能降低制造商的库存成本却不能降低零售商的库存成本;FU[4]研究上游向下游企业共享库存和服务水平信息的价值;王聪[5]分析零售商与制造商共享市场预测信息及零售商风险偏好对供应链成员决策及利润的影响。……

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