基于区块链技术的 应急医疗物资配送效率优化研究
2021-09-18陈心媛廖吉林
陈心媛 廖吉林


摘 要:应急医疗物资关乎民众生命健康安全,其配送时效性具有极端重要性。文章首先总结梳理了制约应急医疗物资配送效率的诸多因素,在此基础上,结合区块链技术去中心化、分布式记账、非对称加密、智能合约、信息共享和点对点传输等基本特征,分析其应用于应急医疗物流的契合性。最后从开发“区块链+”技术、构建应急物流体系及衔接物流配送网络三个角度阐述区块链优化医疗物资配送效率的具体方式和策略。
关键词:区块链技术;应急医疗物流;配送效率优化;人工智能;大数据
中图分类号:F252.8 文献标识码:A
Abstract: Emergency medical supplies are related to people's health and safety, and its distribution timeliness is extremely important. This paper first summarizes the factors that restrict the efficiency of emergency medical materials distribution. On this basis, combined with the basic characteristics of block chain technology, such as decentralization, distributed accounting, asymmetric encryption, intelligent contract, information sharing and point-to-point transmission, this paper analyzes the compatibility of its application in emergency medical logistics. Finally, from the development of“block chain+”technology, the construction of emergency logistics system and the connection of logistics distribution network, this paper expounds the specific ways and strategies of block chain to optimize the efficiency of medical material distribution.
Key words: block chain technology; emergency medical logistics; distribution efficiency optimization; artificial intelligence; big data
0 引 言
在2020年初持续至今的新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情防控过程中,应急救援物资的保障和供应关乎人民群众安全和社会安定。由于在配送过程中供需失配错配、反应迟滞、信息缺失,大量医疗物资如医用口罩、酒精、防护服、护目镜等紧缺资源配送不及时且效率低下,难以应对防疫物流需求。可见,在应对此类突发公共卫生事件的复杂性工程中,物资数据完整性、可靠性和实时性是确保医疗物资及时准确配送所必需的首要基础条件。然而事实证明传统技术和方法难以满足突发性灾害事件瞬时超量数据的快速整合、开放、实时、可靠要求。为此,结合区块链技术特点将其应用于应急医疗物资的可行性被纳入理论研究和实践操作中[1]。
区块链技术是集去中心化、去信任化、可扩展、匿名化和安全可靠等特点于一体的,运用特定加密算法的高度容错式数据库,它以区块链标签技术、共识与信任机制、哈希算法、分布式存储以及智能合约为核心,正不断探索其在应急医疗物流领域中的重要价值。……
