电子零售商参与下 基于价格折扣的双渠道供应链协调
2021-09-18单婷婷徐广业
单婷婷 徐广业



摘 要:针对由一个制造商、一个传统零售商和一个电子零售商所组成的双渠道供应链系统,分别建立双渠道供应链的分散式和集中式的决策模型,分析顾客接受电子渠道程度对供应链及其成员定价的影响。研究发现集中式决策下的价格小于分散式决策的价格,说明在分散式决策下双渠道供应链系统将失调,为此设计一种与竞争者价格相关的价格折扣策略以实现双渠道供应链的协调,并进一步通过转移支付使双渠道供应链成员达到双赢的局面。
关键词:双渠道;供应链协调;渠道冲突;价格折扣;转移支付
中图分类号:F274 文献标识码:A
Abstract: Based on the coexistence of a manufacturer, a traditional retailer and a e-tailer of dual-channel supply chain system, this paper establishes a decision model in a centralized and a decentralized dual-channel supply chain, and analyses the impact of the customer acceptance of the electronic channel on the manufacturer and retailers' pricing decisions,and finds that the price set by a centralized dual-channel supply chain is lower than the one set by a decentralized dual-channel supply chain, this shows that the system is inefficiency in a decentralized dual-channel supply chain. To achieve the dual-channel supply chain coordination, this paper proposes a contract the price discount strategy which is related with competitors for coordination of dual-channel supply chain. Under this price discount strategy, a transfer payment mechanism is designed to enable the manufacturer and retailers to achieve a win-win situation.
Key words: dual-channel; supply chain coordination; channel conflict; price discount; transfer payment
0 引 言
随着移动互联和智能终端的不断发展,消费者的消费型态和购物方式发生了根本改变。面对这种消费型态的改变,逐渐形成了由传统渠道与电子渠道所组成的双渠道供应链系统[1-2]。然而,电子渠道的引入会对传统零售商形成强烈的冲击和竞争,加剧两个渠道的冲突,从而导致双渠道供应链系统低效率运作。早在2017年期间,沃尔玛两月累计关店11家,百佳超市累计关店7家,华润万家累计关店68家,曾经的服装大王美特斯邦威,3年之间关店1 500家。因此,在双渠道供应链系统中,供应链成员需要重新优化和协调其渠道结构与合作伙伴关系。
目前,关于双渠道供应链相关研究中,早期主要研究制造商电子渠道选择[3-6]以及传统渠道与电子渠道之间的渠道冲突[7-9],随着研究的不断深入,研究重点逐渐转向双渠道供应链的协调问题[10-13]。……
