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高师院校职前数学教师MPCK发展水平调查研究

2021-09-15黄炯

高教学刊 2021年24期

黄炯

摘  要:数学学科教学知识(MPCK)是数学教学的核心基础知识,是衡量数学教师专业发展的核心指标。MPCK发展水平影响数学教师教学行为和课堂质量,能将数学知识从学术形态有效转化为教育形态。本研究以云南师范大学数学类专业毕业生为调查样本,运用问卷测试法对其MPCK发展水平进行了调查研究,得到了反映本土状况的高师院校职前数学教师MPCK的基本状况。其中,职前数学教师MPCK的内容维度相对教学和学生维度最为薄弱,从而明确了要尽快加强数学学科内容本体性知识培训的结论。

关键词:职前数学教师;数学学科教学知识(MPCK);调查研究

中图分类号:G640       文献标志码:A          文章编号:2096-000X(2021)24-0079-04

Abstract: Mathematics Pedagogical Content Knowledge(MPCK) is the core index to measure the professional development of Mathematics teachers and the core basic knowledge of Mathematics teaching, which can effectively transform the academic form of Mathematics knowledge into the form of saving education, and affect the saving teacher's teaching behavior and classroom teaching quality. In this paper, questionnaire test and interview were used to investigate and study the MPCK of pre-service Mathematics in normal universities, by taking the graduates majoring in Mathematics from Yunnan Normal University as an example. Among them, MPCK, a pre-service Mathematics teacher, has the weakest content competency compared with that of teaching and students, which makes it clear that we should strengthen the content ontology knowledge training of Mathematics subject as soon as possible.

Keywords: pre-service mathematics teacher; Mathematics Pedagogical Content Knowledge(MPCK); investigation and study

一直以来,教师教学需要的知识(Knowledge for Teaching,简称KT)对教学的重要性众所周知,美国数学教育家Shulman[1]将教师知识分为学科知识、学科教学知识和课程知识三类。Grossman[2]把教師知识分为一般教学知识、学科教学知识、学科知识和情境知识四类。其中,学科教学知识(Pedagogical Content Knowledge,简称PCK)和学科知识(Subject Matter Knowledge,简称SMK)是教师知识的主要内容。而PCK在教师专业知识结构中处于核心地位,可区分学科专家和教学专家,新手教师和专家教师。Ball[3]结合数学教育特点首次提出面向教学的数学知识概念(MKT)。数学学科教学知识(MPCK)就是数学教学所需要的数学概念、定理、性质等概念性和程序性知识。鲍银霞[4]研究发现,一些职前数学教师的程序性知识很强,但对数学概念认知不足,例如不能理解函数的高等数学定义,无法解释函数定义中单值性的重要性。……

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