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栀子根结线虫病的病原鉴定

2021-09-14陆秀红黎达境黄金玲李红芳张禹刘志明

热带作物学报 2021年8期

陆秀红 黎达境 黄金玲 李红芳 张禹 刘志明

摘  要:为明确广西贺州市栀子根结线虫病病原种类,采集根部有明显根结的栀子根系进行根结线虫分离鉴定,通过观察根结线虫2龄幼虫、雌成虫、会阴花纹特征对其进行形态学鉴定,并利用核糖体ITS区和28S rDNA D2D3区序列比对和系统发育树分析方法对其进行分子生物学鉴定。结果表明,该病原线虫2龄幼虫和雌成虫形态特征及形态测量值与象耳豆根结线虫(Meloidogyne enterolobii Yang  Eisenback, 1983)相似;该病原线虫核糖体ITS区与NCBI数据库中象耳豆根结线虫相应序列的相似度为100%,28S rDNA D2D3区与NCBI数据库中象耳豆根结线虫相应序列的相似度为99%以上;该病原线虫核糖体ITS序列以99%的支持率与象耳豆根结线虫聚为同一分支。综合形态学和分子生物学鉴定结果将广西贺州市栀子根结线虫病病原种类鉴定为象耳豆根结线虫,栀子(Gardenia jasminoides Eills)是该线虫的新寄主纪录。

关键词:栀子;象耳豆根结线虫;种类鉴定

Abstract: In order to clarify the pathogen species of Gardenia jasminoides Eills root-knot nematode disease in Hezhou, Guangxi Province, the root samples with obvious root-knot of G. jasminoides were collected for isolating root-knot nematodes. The pathogenic nematodes were identified by observing the morphological characteristics of females, second-stage juveniles and perineal pattern, sequence alignments, phylogenetic analysis. The results showed that the morphological characteristics and morphometric values of the second-stage juveniles and females were similar to those of Meloidogyne enterolobii Yang  Eisenback. The rDNA-ITS fragment and 28S rDNA D2D3 fragment of the nematode were highly similar to those M. enterolobii in NCBI database, with a similarity of 100% and over 99%, respectively. The rDNA-ITS sequences of the nematode were clustered within the same clade and M.enterolobii with support rate of 99%. Morphological and molecular identification methods identified the pathogen species of G. jasminoides root-knot nematode disease in Hezhou as M. enterolobii. M. enterolobii is the new host for G. jasminoides Eills.

Keywords: Gardenia jasminoides Eills; Meloidogyne enterolobii Yang  isenback; identification

植物寄生线虫(plant parasitic nematodes, PPNs)是制约全球粮食生产的重要因素之一。据统计,全世界因植物寄生线虫造成的损失约800亿美元,其中根结线虫(Meloidogyne spp.)广泛分布于世界各地,是危害极大的一类植物寄生线虫[1-2]。目前根结线虫的防治措施包括种植抗病品种、使用化学杀线剂、轮作、生物防治等,其中线虫种类鉴定是各类防治措施实施的基础[3]。

栀子(Gardenia jasminoides Eills)又名黄栀子,属茜草科(Rubiaceae Juss)栀子属植物,是我国传统的中药材,不仅可以直接入药,其果实还是提取食用色素添加剂“黄色素”的天然优质材料。栀子分布于广西、河南、浙江、江西、福建、湖北等地,种植栀子可促进产地农民增收,是目前广西贺州、柳州等地产业扶贫的有效途径[4]。……

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