郭幸飞 廖洪剑 陈晓蓉 朱兆华 徐国钢 叶建军

摘    要：金沙江干热河谷是我国西南地区典型的生态脆弱区，季节性干旱明显，天然植被稀少，生态环境脆弱，是长江上游植被恢复和生态建设的重难点区域。通过查阅文献资料与野外调查，对金沙江干热河谷这一特殊地域的气候特点、土壤特征、植被状况进行了研究，提出金沙江干热河谷区植物选择原则，并筛选出适宜在金沙江干热河谷区生长的21种植物。金沙江干热河谷区的边坡质地分为土质坡、弱风化岩石坡和强风化岩石坡3种，按照坡度分为较缓坡、中等坡和高陡坡，针对不同的边坡质地和坡度，总结出适用于金沙江干热河谷的9种植物组合及相应的群落建植技术，以期为金沙江干热河谷区生态修复与景观重建提供科学依据。

关键词：干热河谷;困难立地;植物配置;群落建植

中图分类号：S725.1         文献标识码：A          DOI 编码：10.3969/j.issn.1006-6500.2021.07.016

Abstract： The dry-hot valley of the Jinsha River is a typical ecologically fragile area in southwest China， with obvious seasonal drought， sparse natural vegetation， and fragile ecological environment. It is a difficult area for vegetation restoration and ecological construction in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River.Through literature review and field surveys， the climatic characteristics， soil characteristics， and vegetation conditions of the Jinsha River dry-hot valley were studied， the principle of plant selection in the Jinsha River dry-hot valley area was proposed， and suitable for the Jinsha River dry-hot valley area was selected 21 kinds of plants that grow.The slope texture of the Jinsha River dry-hot valley area is divided into three types including soil slope， weakly weathered rock slope and strongly weathered rock slope. According to the slope， it is divided into gentle slope， medium slope and high steep slope. According to the different slope texture and slope， the conclusion is summarized. It is applicable to 9 plant combinations and corresponding community establishment techniques in the dry-hot valley of the Jinsha River.It is expected to provide a scientific basis for ecological restoration and landscape reconstruction in the dry-hot valley of the Jinsha River.

Key words： dry-hot valley;difficult ground;plant configuration;community establishment

干熱河谷区是由特殊地质地貌、气候特征及土壤状况等因子共同影响组成的一种特殊的生态脆弱区域，具有生态稳定性差、植被恢复困难等典型特征，是我国西南横断山区特有且典型的植被恢复极端困难的立地之一[1-3]。特殊的地理位置和独特的地形地貌特征组合形成了典型的干热河谷气候环境，在云南省亚热带高原山地河谷地带发展形成了一类特有干热河谷植被类型[4]。干热河谷集中分布在我国横断山脉地区的金沙江、红河、澜沧江和怒江四大江的下部河谷流域，并在各大流域占据重要的生态区位，其植被恢复的研究深受重视[5]。……