梁伟 刘鸿 邹克兴 陈义昌 胡逸超 蔡联合 奚家勤

摘    要：烟草甲和烟草粉螟给烟叶仓储造成重大损失，是仓储害虫防治的重点和难点，磷化铝熏蒸被广泛应用于仓储害虫防治，但随着民众对生态、环保要求的提高，其弊端日益显现，寻求绿色、生态防控技术成为一种必然要求。笔者综述了近年来仓储害虫绿色防控技术研究的现状，列举了仓储害虫物理防治、寄生天敌、气调法、昆虫生长调节剂等防治技术，指出现有绿色防控技术存在技术不成熟、技术参数粗放、工作量大等不足之处，并对未来绿色生态防护技术研究的发展趋势进行了展望。

关键词：烟叶;仓储;害虫;绿色;防控

中图分类号：S435.72         文献标识码：A            DOI 编码：10.3969/j.issn.1006-6500.2021.07.012

Abstract： Lasioderma serricorne and Ephestia elutella cause significant losses to tobacco storage， which is the focus and difficulty of storage pest control. Aluminum phosphide fumigation is widely used in storage pest control. However， as the people's requirements for ecology and environmental protection increase， its disadvantages are increasingly apparent， seeking green and ecological prevention and control technology has become an inevitable requirement. The author reviewed the current research status of storage pest green prevention and control technology in recent years， enumerating the physical prevention and control of storage pests，parasitic natural enemies，air conditioning methods， insect growth regulators， etc.， and pointed out that the existing green prevention and control technologies still have immature technologies. The technical parameters are extensive，the workload is large and other shortcomings， and the development trend of the future green ecological protection technology research is prospected.

Key words： tobacco; storage; pests; green; prevention and control

煙草甲（Lasioderma serricorne）和烟草粉螟 （Ephestia elutella）一直是我国烟草仓储中最重要的害虫，每年给我国仓储烟叶造成约1.64%的损失，经济价值高达3亿元以上[1]。在烟叶储存及加工阶段，仓储害虫会降低烟叶成丝率，且虫尸、虫粪、体油会对烟草造成污染;成品卷烟被害虫危害后，留有蛀孔并导致烟支漏气，影响卷烟外观质量，容易造成卷烟产品质量事故，不利于卷烟品牌的健康发展。

目前，复烤及片烟仓储环节主要杀虫措施是应用熏蒸剂磷化铝处理。磷化铝的应用会污染环境，使用时存在安全隐患，随着烟叶仓库害虫已对磷化铝熏蒸产生抗药性，已有防治失败的报道[2]。近年来，环境和食品的绿色生态日益受到民众的追捧，磷化铝等熏蒸剂将逐渐被限制和禁止使用。……