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全国雷达分钟降水方法在面雨量预报上应用的检验

2021-09-11丁劲张国平高金兵王曙东王阔音薛冰章芳杨静

安徽农业科学 2021年17期

丁劲 张国平 高金兵 王曙东 王阔音 薛冰 章芳 杨静

摘要 为了解基于全国雷达分钟降水方法在面雨量上的短期预报效果,利用2020年7月25日08:00—28日08:00安徽巢湖及其子流域的实况面雨量数据,依据平均绝对误差、均方根误差、TS评分、漏报率和空报率几项检验指标,对安徽巢湖及其子流域研究时段内逐小时和累计2 h面雨量预报结果进行检验评估。结果表明,全国雷达分钟降水方法对巢湖北部平原区子流域的预报效果好于南部丘陵地区子流域;累积2 h产品的预报效果好于逐小时产品的预报效果;对小雨量的预报结果优于大雨量的预报结果。

关键词 全国雷达分钟降水方法;流域;面雨量;短期预报;检验

中图分类号 S165 文献标识码 A

文章编号 0517-6611(2021)17-0221-05

doi:10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2021.17.056

Abstract In order to understand the short-term forecasting effect on the surface rainfall based on the minute quantitative precipitation forecast (MQPF),the actual surface rainfall data of Anhui Chaohu Lake and its sub-catchments from 08:00 July 25 to 08:00 July 28, 2020 were used to rely on the average absolute error,root mean square error,TS score,omission rate and false prediction ratio were several test indicators to test and evaluate the hourly and cumulative 2-h area rainfall forecast results during the study period of Chaohu Lake and its sub-catchments in Anhui.The results showed that the MQPF forecast had a better forecasting effect on the sub-basins in the northern plain area of Chaohu Lake than those in the southern hilly area.More accurate forecast could be seen in cumulative two-hour products than hourly products.The low rainfall level showed better results than the forecast for high rainfall level.

Key words Minute quantitative precipitation forecast (MQPF);Basins;Area rainfall;Short-term forecast;Verification

面雨量是水文预报中的一个重要参量,面雨量预报的精度直接关系到洪水预报精度和洪水调度决策的科学性[1]。做好汛期面雨量预报,对于电力生产调度和防洪减灾具有重要意义[2]。

近年来,许多专家学者针对国内流域开展了面雨量预报和检验业务。卢小凤等[2]基于智能网格产品对西江流域2019年前汛期(4—6月)和后汛期(7—9月)面雨量进行了预报和检验;刘静等[1,3]运用多种数值模式预报了淮河流域、清江流域的面雨量,并進行了对比和检验;宋雯雯等[4]运用站点数据和算数平均法估计了1981—2017年雅砻江流域的面雨量;李武阶等[5-6]利用算术平均方法、西南区域数值天气预报业务模式(SWC-WARMS)和中央气象台智能网格预报模式(NWGD)分析了金沙江面雨量。……

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