余亚琳 谷星慧 李红娟 樊苗苗 刘美菊 赵以铭 李江舟 代快 张立猛 林杉

摘要 为揭示新型杀线剂路富达对烤烟根结线虫病害的防治机理和效果，设计2组盆栽和大田试验，比较了杀线剂阿维菌素、路富达和路富达与银法利混剂（路银混剂）及其3种用量的杀线效果。盆栽试验结果表明，与清水对照相比，阿维菌素、路富达和路银混剂均显著降低了烤煙根结线虫病级、根结指数和根结密度，促进了根系和烟株生长，显著提高了烤烟茎叶干重和水氮利用效率。不同用量的路富达和路银混剂对烤烟生长和根结线虫病害的影响，不存在显著差异。大田试验结果表明，与传统杀线剂阿维菌素相比，路富达显著降低了根结线虫病情指数，促进了烟株生长。总之，与阿维菌素相比，盆栽条件下路富达具有相同的防治根结线虫病害效果;在只发生根结线虫病害的烟田，无需配施银法利，并可降低路富达推荐使用量，从而降低防治成本。

关键词 烤烟;阿维菌素;路富达;银法利;根结线虫病

中图分类号 S435.72 文献标识码 A

文章编号 0517-6611（2021）17-0130-06

doi：10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2021.17.035

Abstract Two pot experiments were designed to evaluate the effects of the new nematicides Lufuda on the control of root-knot nematode diseases in cultivation of flue-cured tobacco with comparison of the nematicides Abamectin and Luyin mixture as well as their application dosages.The results showed that compared with control treatment， application of Abamectin， Lufuda and Luyin mixture significantly reduced the disease grade， root-knot index and root-knot density， promoted the root and shoot growth， and improved the stems and leaves dry weight of flue-cured tobacco and utilization efficiency of water and nitrogen.There was no significant difference in the effects of different dosage of Lufuda and Luyin mixture on the growth of tobacco and the control of root-knot nematode disease.In conclusion， compared with Abamectin， Lufuda had the same effect on controlling root-knot nematode disease under this pot experiment condition.Meanwhile， under the field condition where only root-knot nematode disease occured， there was no need to apply Yinfali.The recommended dosage of Lufuda could reduce the cost of controlling disease of root-knot nematode.

Key words Flue-cured tobacco;Abamectin;Lufuda;Yinfali;Root knot nematode disease

植物寄生线虫是危害农业生产的主要病原生物之一，每年造成的全球农业损失超过1 570亿美元[1]。其中根结线虫是危害作物最主要的寄生线虫，危害的植物种类超过3 000种[2]，包括蔬菜、粮食作物、果树、烟草等。近年来，根结线虫病害在我国烟草产区频繁发生，成为危害烤烟生产和品质的主要病害之一[3]。云南作为我国烤烟主产区，实行烟菜轮作模式，前茬蔬菜作物种植过程中水肥大量投入，导致烟草抗病性降低，易被根结线虫侵染[4]。……