唐守寅 胡露 熊琪 田一君 甘露 林炜 任准 王诗龙 袁海伟

摘要 [目的]研究掺杂硒、硫的硅基叶面阻控剂对水稻富集镉（Cd）的影响。[方法]在中度Cd污染区开展水稻喷施不同用量掺杂硒、硫（7 500、9 000 mL/hm2）的硅基叶面阻控剂的田间小区试验。[结果]施用掺杂硒、硫的硅基叶面阻控剂，可使稻谷产量增加1.87%～8.97%;稻米Cd含量降低25.93%～46.67%;茎中Cd含量增加14.38%～37.89%，对根、叶中Cd含量的影响不大;Cd从茎到籽实的转运系数显著降低，降幅达34.48%～62.50%。[结论]采用硅、硒、硫耦合原理抑制Cd在水稻植株内的迁移是可行有效的;抑制Cd从茎到籽实的转运是能够显著降低稻米Cd含量的主要原因。

关键词 叶面阻控剂;水稻;镉;硅;硒;硫

中图分类号 X53 文献标识码 A 文章编号 0517-6611（2021）17-0061-04

doi：10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2021.17.017

Abstract [Objective]To study the effect of silicon-based foliar inhibitor doped with selenium and sulfur on cadmium enrichment in rice.[Method]Field plot experiments were carried out in moderate cadmium contaminated areas by spraying different amounts of silicon-based foliar inhibitor （7 500 and 9 000 mL/hm2） doped with selenium and sulfur. [Result]The yield of rice increased by 1.87%-8.97% by applying silicon-based foliar inhibitor doped with selenium and sulfur;cadmium content of rice was reduced by 25.93%-46.67% by applying silicon-based foliar inhibitor doped with selenium and sulfur;cadmium content in rice stem was increased by 14.38%-37.89% by applying silicon-based foliar inhibitor doped with selenium and sulfur， which had little effect on cadmium content in rice root and leaf;The transfer factor from stem to seed decreased significantly by 34.48%-62.50% by applying silicon-based foliar inhibitor doped with selenium and sulfur. [Conclusion]It was feasible and effective to inhibit the migration of cadmium in rice plants by the coupling principle of silicon， selenium and sulfur， and the main reason for the significant reduction of cadmium content in rice was the inhibition of cadmium transport from stem to seed.

Key words Foliar resistance control agent;Rice;Cadmium;Cilicon;Selenium;Sulfur

近年来，我国土壤重金属污染问题日趋严重，对人们的身体健康产生很大威胁。据统计，目前我国受污染的耕地面积近0.1亿hm2，污水灌溉污染耕地216.67万hm2，固体废弃物堆存占地和毁田13.33万hm2，合计约占耕地总面积的10%以上，其中多数集中在经济较发达地区。每年因土壤污染而减少的粮食产量高达1 200万t，直接经济损失达200余亿元。水稻对重金属具有较强的富集能力，其体内累积的重金属通过食物链进入人体后，会给人类身体健康带来潜在的危害。我国人口众多，在污染的耕地上种出安全的农作物是当前农业环境领域迫切需要解决的重大问题。

目前针对耕地重金属污染的修复方法主要是通过改造土壤-植物系统的土壤端，降低土壤中重金属有效性和稀释土壤中重金属浓度来减少农作物对重金属的吸收。……