袁建 王亚平 许春雪 安子怡 李振涛

摘要 为了更好地配合全国农用地土壤污染详查计划，使测试数据质量得到监控。研制了3个北京市重金属污染土壤成分分析标准物质，样品采自北京市通州区永乐店镇德仁务村、平谷区刘家店孔城峪村、昌平区南口镇南口农场三分场，样品类型覆盖了北京市农用地土壤的主要类型。经检验表明样品的均匀性和稳定性良好。选择不同系统具有国家级计量认证资质的11家实验室参与定值测试工作，定值元素64项，尽量选用2种以上不同原理的已知准确的可靠的分析方法，按照规范要求对数据进行统计处理和异常值剔除，给出了3个候选物样品的推荐值和不确定度结果。

关键词 重金属;土壤;成分分析;标准物质;标准值;北京市

中图分类号 X833 文献标识码 A

文章编号 0517-6611（2021）17-0005-06

doi：10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2021.17.002

Abstract In order to better coordinate with the national soil pollution survey plan，the quality of test results can be monitored.Three reference materials for the analysis of soil composition of heavy metal pollution in Beijing were developed.Samples were collected from Derenwu Village of Tongzhou District，Kongchengyu Village of Pinggu District and Nankou Farm of Changping District.The sample types covered the main types of Beijing agricultural land soil.The test results showed that the homogeneity and stability of the samples were good.The results from 11 laboratories which had the national level measurement authentication qualification were combined to confirm certified values and uncertainty of 64 components.The certified values and uncertainties of three candidate samples were given by using two or more known，accurate and reliable analysis methods with different principles.According to the requirements of the specification，the results were statistically processed and outliers were removed，and the recommended values and uncertainties of 3 candidate samples were given.

Key words Heavy metal;Soil;Composition analysis;Reference material;Certified values;Beijing City

環境污染问题是当前社会普遍关注的热点问题，由于土壤是人类耕种、居住、生活的主要场地，因此土壤污染尤其是农用地土壤污染问题更备受关注。土壤环境质量是指在一个具体的、特定的环境内，土壤环境对人类或其他生物的生存和繁衍以及社会经济发展的适宜程度。土壤污染主要是指人类生产、生活产生的污染物通过不同途径进入土壤，使得土壤环境质量发生或可能发生恶化，对环境、生物、水体、空气或人体健康产生危害的现象。土壤污染主要表现在其对受体的可能危害或实际污染危害，而不是其污染物含量多少。由于不同地点、场所的污染源、土壤类型、受体类型等的差别性，土壤污染危害具有显著的差别性特点。……