抗菌药物治疗玫瑰痤疮的新进展
2021-09-10熊健霞陈爽蔡涛
熊健霞 陈爽 蔡涛
【摘要】玫瑰痤疮是一种好发于面中部的慢性炎症性皮肤病,以面部阵发性潮红、持久性红斑、丘疹脓疱为主要表现,其病因及发病机制尚不清楚。临床上,抗菌药物治疗伴有丘疹脓疱的玫瑰痤疮患者能取得良好疗效,目前国内外专家共识都推荐多西环素为系统治疗玫瑰痤疮的一线抗生素,国内外大量研究表示,系统使用大环内酯类和甲硝唑类抗生素也具有良好的效果;壬二酸、伊维菌素、甲硝唑是首选外用药物。而外用克林霉素、青蒿素、过氧化苯甲酰、磺胺乙酰胺钠等可能也具有治疗作用。
【关键词】玫瑰痤疮;抗生素;酒渣鼻;治疗
【中图分类号】R751.05 【文献标识码】A 【文章编号】2026-5328(2021)03-153-04
Abstract:Rosacea is a chronic inflammatory skin disease that often occurs in the middle of the face. it is characterized by paroxysmal flushing,persistent erythema,papules and pustules. its etiology and pathogenesis are still unknown. Clinically,antibiotics can achieve good efficacy in the treatment of rosacea patients with papules and pustules. at present,experts at home and abroad have recommended doxycycline as the first-line antibiotics for the systematic treatment of rosacea. Systematic use of macrolides and metronidazole antibiotics also has a good therapeutic effect;azelaic acid,ivermectin and metronidazole are the first choice for topical use. The topical use of clindamycin,artemisinin,benzoyl peroxide and sulfonamide acetamide sodium may also have therapeutic effects.
[Key words] Acne Rosacea;Antibiotic;Rosacea;Treatment
玫瑰痤疮(Rosacea)是一种好发于面中部的慢性炎症性皮肤病。目前,微生物在玫瑰痤疮的病理生理过程中占据重要地位,蠕形螨与玫瑰痤疮密切相关,表皮葡萄球菌、Oleronius杆菌、丙酸痤疮杆菌有可疑的致病作用[1]。对于伴有丘疹、脓疱的玫瑰痤疮患者,国内外专家共识都推荐口服四环素联合外用抗菌药物作为一线治疗方案。目前国内外已用于玫瑰痤疮治疗的抗菌药物主要有以下几类:四环素类、大环内酯类、甲硝唑、壬二酸。苯甲酸苄酯、过氧化苯甲酰、克林霉素、磺胺乙酰胺钠及青蒿素提取物也可通过其抗菌作用治疗玫瑰痤疮。我们将总结上述抗菌药物关于玫瑰痤疮系统及局部治疗方面的最新进展。
1. 四环素类(Tetracycline)
1.1口服四环素
主要包括米诺环素和多西环素。……
