优质网纹甜瓜新品种西蜜8号选育
2021-09-10卢于绒窦宏涛武云霞李强鲁建文
卢于绒 窦宏涛 武云霞 李强 鲁建文



摘 要: 西蜜8号是以W2-1-1-5为母本、W3-5-1-2为父本选育而成的优质网纹甜瓜杂交1代新品种。该品种在陕西关中地区早春设施栽培条件下,全生育期110~115 d,果实发育期45~50 d。单果质量1.0~1.5 kg,667 m2产量2500~3000 kg。植株长势中等,株形紧凑。雌花为两性花,易坐果。果实正圆形,果形指数1.0。果皮灰绿色,果面覆有密网纹,网纹较粗,分布均匀。果肉浅绿色,果肉厚度4 cm,中心可溶性固形物质量分数16.5%,中边梯度小,清香爽口,种腔小。适宜在陕西省关中地区种植,2020年6月通过农业农村部非主要农作物品种登记。
关键词: 网纹甜瓜; 新品种; 西蜜8号; 杂交1代
中图分类号: S652 文献标志码:A 文章编号: 1673-2871(2021)08-092-03
Breeding of a new high quality muskmelon variety Ximi No. 8
LU Yurong, DOU Hongtao, WU Yunxia, LI Qiang, LU Jianwen
(Xian Agricultural Technology Spreading Center / Xian Agricultural Science Research Institute, Xian 710061, Shaanxi, China)
Abstract: Ximi No. 8 is a new high-quality muskmelon F1 hybrid, developed by crossing W2-1-1-5 as female parent with W3-5-1-2 as male parent. The whole growth period is 110-115 days. The fruit matures 45-50 days from flowering during early spring cultivation in the Guanzhong area of Shaanxi province. The average single fruit weight is 1.0-1.5 kg, and the yield is 2500-3000 kg per 667 m2. It has a medium growth vigor and compact plant type. The female flower is hermaphrodite and has a strong fruit setting ability. The fruit shape is globe with grey-green peel and fine nets. The fruit flesh is light green with a thickness of about 4 cm, and the soluble solids content in the center is around 16.5% with a small sugar gradient. The flesh is crisp, delicate, and juicy with a good flavor. The seed chamber is small. It is suitable for cultivation in the Guanzhong area of Shaanxi Province.
Key words: Muskmelon; New Variety; Ximi No. 8; F1 hybrid
1 育种目标
网纹甜瓜(Cucumis melo L. var. reticulatus Naud.)属葫芦科甜瓜属的一个变种,是厚皮甜瓜的一种类型。因其品质优、表皮覆漂亮的网状花纹而成为一种高档礼品甜瓜。网纹甜瓜原产于非洲的几内亚[1-2],目前在中国、日本、西班牙、意大利、美国、俄罗斯、伊朗等国均有栽培[3-4]。我国网纹甜瓜生产主要分布在新疆、宁夏、内蒙古等天气干燥、光照充足、昼夜温差大的地区[5]。近年来,由于保护地栽培的迅速发展以及品种改良,在陕西省关中地区发展了一定的种植面积,栽培品种以脆肉哈密瓜类型为主 [6-8]。被称为世界上单颗水果最貴的日本类型高档网纹甜瓜在我国栽培面积较小,其品种主要从国外引进,在我国西北地区东部及中东部地区设施栽培普遍存在耐低温、弱光性差,网纹不易形成或形成质量不高,可溶性固形物含量低,果实商品性差的问题,难以进入高档市场,加之麝香味浓,不符合我国人民的消费习惯,从而制约了发展[9-13]。……
