柴文臣 阎世江

摘    要：为研究甜菜碱对干旱胁迫下茄子幼苗生长的影响，对茄子幼苗喷施不同质量浓度甜菜碱，给予干旱胁迫，测定幼苗的生长指标及生理指标。结果表明，干旱胁迫抑制了茄子幼苗正常生长，茄子叶片叶绿素含量、POD活性、SOD活性、CAT活性、脯氨酸含量均表现出干旱胁迫1～5 d上升，在5 d达到最大值，而后下降，MDA含量随干旱处理时间的延长逐渐上升。喷施甜菜碱可以缓解干旱胁迫对茄子幼苗的影响，维持幼苗正常生长，茄子株高、茎粗、鲜质量、干质量均比对照提高;喷施甜菜碱后植株MDA含量保持在较低水平，其他生理指标均保持在较高水平。其中以40 mg·L-1甜菜碱的处理效果最好，茄子株高、茎粗、鲜质量、干质量分别达15.51 cm、3.51 mm、25.24 g、2.14 g。因此，在茄子生产中遇到干旱时可以采用喷施40 mg·L-1甜菜碱处理以抵御干旱。

关键词：茄子;甜菜碱;苗期;干旱;生长;生理指标

中图分类号：S641.1 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1673-2871（2021）08-078-06

Effect of betaine on the growth and physiological indexes of eggplant seedlings under drought stress

CHAI Wenchen， YAN Shijiang

（College of Horticulture， Shanxi Agricultural University（Vegetable Research Institute， Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Science）， Taiyuan 030031， Shanxi， China）

Abstract： To study the effect of betaine on eggplant seedlings under drought stress， eggplant seedlings were sprayed with different concentrations of betaine and then were treated by drought stress. The indexes of growth and physiological indicators were determined. The results showed that drought stress inhibited the growth of eggplant seedlings. Chlorophyll content， POD activity， SOD activity， CAT activity， and proline content were increased from 1 d to 5 d， and then decreased after 5 d， MDA content were gradually increased with the extension of treatment time. Spraying betaine could alleviate the effect of drought stress on eggplant seedlings and keep the normal growth of seedlings. The plant height， stem thickness， fresh weight， and dry weight were accumulated; chlorophyll content， POD activity， SOD activity， CAT activity， and proline content were kept at a high level， and MDA content was kept at a low level ， Among them， 40 mg·L-1 exhibited the best treatment effect， the plant height， stem diameter， fresh weight， and dry weight were 15.51 cm， 3.51 mm， 25.24 g and 2.14 g. Therefore， it is recommended that the method of spraying betaine with 40 mg·L-1 could be used to resist drought in eggplant production.

Key words： Eggplant; Betaine; Seedlings; Drought; Growth; Physiological indexes

茄子（Solanum melongena L.）在全國各地栽培面积很大，深受大家的喜爱，果实可以食用兼药用。茄子在生长过程中前期所需水分较少，生长中后期即开花坐果期需要水分较多，如遇干旱则严重影响其生长，表现出植株矮小，生长势弱，萎蔫，果实产量、品质下降等现象[1]。近年来，干旱作为一种极端天气时常出现，严重威胁茄子生产。如何让茄子抵御干旱威胁成为学者研究的热点。甜菜碱是一种生物碱，为代谢的次生产物，具有渗透调节作用，可以增强植物抗逆性，如抗盐碱、抗旱[2]。郭启芳等[3]研究小麦幼苗抗盐性时发现，喷施甜菜碱后小麦幼苗抗盐性增强。……