黄莹 陈迪文 吴庚福 敖俊华 周文灵 江永 秦益民 姜进举

摘    要：为明确海藻渣对甜椒生长及土壤改良的效果，通过盆栽试验分析不同用量海藻渣对甜椒生长、产量及土壤理化性质的影响。結果表明，与对照相比，添加不同比例海藻渣后甜椒叶片SPAD值均显著提高，根系鲜质量和根冠比均在添加量为8%时达到最大值。在海藻渣添加量为4%、6%和8%时，甜椒果横径、果纵径、单果质量和单株产量均显著高于对照，3个处理单株总产量较对照分别提高18.45%、16.19%、14.32%。随海藻渣施用量的增加，土壤碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾、有机质含量和pH值随之增加，土壤容重随之降低，土壤总孔隙度随之增加。综上所述，施用4%～8%海藻渣能有效改善酸性红壤理化性质，提高土壤肥力，促进甜椒生长，提高产量。

关键词：甜椒;海藻渣;红壤;理化性质

中图分类号：S641.3 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1673-2871（2021）08-062-06

Effects of algae residue application on the growth of sweet pepper and physicochemical  properties of acid red soil

HUANG Ying1， CHEN Diwen1， WU Gengfu2， AO Junhua1， ZHOU Wenling1， JIANG Yong1， QIN Yimin3， JIANG Jinju3

（1. Institute of Nanfan & Seed Industry， Guangdong Academy of Sciences， Guangzhou 510316， Guangdong， China; 2. College of Resources and Environment， Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering， Guangzhou 510550， Guangdong， China; 3. Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Seaweed Fertilizers/State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Seaweed Substances/Qingdao Brightmoon Seaweed Group Co Ltd， Qingdao 266400， Shandong， China）

Abstract： To clarify the effects of algae residue application on the growth of sweet pepper and soil improvement， a spot experiment was conducted to analyze the effects of different amounts of algae residue on sweet pepper growth， yield， and soil physicochemical properties. The result showed that the SPAD value of sweet pepper leaves treated with different amounts of algae residue was significantly higher than that of CK treatment. The root fresh weight and root-shoot ratio reached the maximum when the addition of algae residue was 8%. The fruit transverse diameter， longitudinal diameter， the single fruit weight and yield per plant were significantly higher than those of CK treatment when the addition of seaweed residue was 4%，6% and 8%. The total yield per plant of the three treatments was increased by 18.45%，16.19% and 14.32% respectively. With the increase of algae residue application， soil available nitrogen， available phosphorus， available potassium， organic matter， soil pH， soil porosity were increased significantly， and soil bulk density was decreased significantly. Applying 4%-8%algae residue could effectively improve the physicochemical properties of acid red soil and soil fertility， promote the growth of sweet pepper and increase yield.

Key words： Sweet pepper; Algae residue; Red soil; Physicochemical properties

甜椒是富含维生素C的蔬菜，深受消费者喜爱，在我国种植面积逐年扩大[1]，华南地区种植面积相对较大。南方红壤地区属热带亚热带季风气候，土壤淋溶作用强烈，酸性强，有效养分和有机质含量较低，土壤物理结构差，再加上人为因素影响，面临水土流失、土壤退化、生产力下降等问题，对蔬菜生长和品质产生不利影响[2]。以往研究表明，在南方酸性土壤中使用不同土壤调理剂对于改善土壤结构和提高辣椒产量具有良好的效果[3-4]。海藻渣是工业生产中海藻加工提取过程产生的废渣，由于海藻中活性成分和营养成分不能被完全提取出来，因此海藻残渣保留有丰富的有效生物活性物质和营养元素，包括海藻多酚、海藻多糖、蛋白质、果胶、甘露醇、甜菜碱和大量矿物质等[5]。……