闫明辉 李静静 刘佳磊 闫凤鸣 白润娥

摘    要：为了准确描述Q型烟粉虱Bemisia tabaci （Gennadias）各个龄期的形态特征，应用超景深显微镜（VHX-600）和扫描式电子显微镜（S-3400NII）对寄主植物黄瓜上Q型烟粉虱进行了详细的记录和观察。结果表明，烟粉虱的卵呈长梨形;1龄若虫边缘刚毛16对，可爬行;2龄若虫眼点明显，边缘呈圆齿状;3龄若虫体色变浅，胸气门、尾气门可见，眼点变红色;4龄若虫椭圆形，体黄色，皿状孔三角形，舌状突长匙状。成虫淡黄白色，翅2对，覆盖白色蜡粉，雌虫体长（0.91±0.04） mm，翅展（2.13±0.06） mm;雄虫略小。停息时左右翅合拢呈屋脊状，并稍分开，可见黄色的腹部。研究结果为Q型烟粉虱的鉴定提供了形态依据。

关键词：瓜菜;烟粉虱;龄期;形态特征;超微结构

中图分类号：S436.5+S436.6.421.2+2 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1673-2871（2021）08-015-06

Biology and morphology of life stages for Q Bemisia tabaci

YAN Minghui， LI Jingjing， LIU Jialei， YAN Fengming， BAI Rune

（College of Plant Protection， Henan Agricultural University， Zhengzhou 450002， Henan， China）

Abstract： In order to describe the morphological characteristics of Q Bemisia tabaci （Gennadias） of life stages， we observed and studied Q Bemisia tabaci on Cucumis sativus L. by using Microscope VHX-600 and SEM （S-3400NII）. Eggs， nymphal body sizes and characters were measured and observed， including the vasiform orifice， operculum， lingula. Adult characters of both sexes were investigated including the body size， compound eyes， antennal segments. The results showed that the eggs were pyriform; the 1st instar nymph can crawl， 16 pairs of marginal setae present; the 2nd instar nymph had obvious eye spots， and the margin rounded dentate; thoracic trachealfolds and caudal tracheal folds could be seen of the 3rd instar nymph， and the eye spots turned red; the 4th instar （pupal case） was oval， yellow， vasiform orifice was rounded-triangular and lingula was long spoon. The adult was light yellowish， 2 pairs of wings hyaline， dusted with powdery wax. The length of the female is （0.91 ± 0.04） mm and the wingspan is （2.13 ± 0.06） mm. The male is slightly smaller. The left and right wings close to form a ridge， yellow abdomen was visible. The results provide a solid morphological basis for the identification of Q Bemisia tabaci.

Key words： Cucurbits and vegetables; Bemisia tabaci; Age; Morphological characteristics; Ultrastructure

煙粉虱[Bemisia tabaci （Gennadius）]属于半翅目（Hemiptera）粉虱科（Aleyrodidae）小粉虱属（Beminsia）昆虫，为世界性的重要农业害虫，主要分布在热带和亚热带地区。近年来，随着全球贸易频繁往来，烟粉虱几乎遍布全球[1]。

烟粉虱是一种在植株韧皮部取食的刺吸式昆虫，通过直接取食植物汁液和间接传播植物病毒给寄主植物造成损伤[2]。烟粉虱能够传播多种植物病毒，而且传播病毒带来的危害远远大于直接取食造成的影响[3-4]。烟粉虱的寄主植物广泛，繁殖能力和适应能力极强，严重危害瓜类、蔬菜、花卉等植物。在我国危害程度和危害范围正在逐年增加，并造成严重的经济损失[5]。

烟粉虱包括至少39个形态上难以区分的生物型或隐种，且形态特征存在寄主相关变异[6]。对于烟粉虱生长发育以及形态特征的研究，近年来报道较多。……