刘广东 邵俊鹏 李天玉 蔺彦龙 胡涌鑫 王启龙

摘 要：以双矩形腔多油垫静压推力轴承为研究对象，探讨高速重载工况条件下偏载距离对承润滑性能影响，并与中心加载时的润滑性能进行对比。运用润滑理论和摩擦学原理推导中心加载与偏载时双矩形腔流量方程、温升方程和油腔压力方程，并进行仿真分析。研究结果表明：当载荷一定时，随着偏移距离的增大，工作台下沉侧油膜厚度逐渐减小，油膜温升和最大压力逐渐增大;工作台上升侧油膜厚度逐渐增大，油膜温升和最大压力逐渐减小。偏载距离进一步增加，静压轴承会出现失压，发生摩擦学失效。

关键词：静压推力轴承;双矩形腔多油垫;偏载距离;润滑性能对比;摩擦学失效

DOI：10.15938/j.jhust.2021.03.005

中图分类号： TH133.3

文献标志码： A

文章编号： 1007-2683（2021）03-0032-06

Lubrication Performance Comparison of Hydrostatic Thrust

Bearing with Different Offset Distances

LIU Guang-dong， Shao Jun-peng， Li Tian-yu， Lin Yan-long， Hu Yong-xin， Wang Qi-long

（School of Mechanical Power and Engineering， Harbin University of Science and Technology， Harbin 150080， China）

Abstract：Taking the hydrostatic thrust bearing having double rectangular cavity multi-oil pad as the research object， the influence of the eccentric load distance on the bearing lubrication performance under high speed and heavy load conditions is discussed and compared with the lubrication performance at the center loading. The flow rate equation， temperature rise equation and oil cavity pressure are deduced and calculated by lubrication theory and tribology principle， and the simulation analysis is carried out. Research result shows that the load is constant， as the offset distance increases， the thickness of the oil film on the downside of the table gradually decreases， and the temperature rising and maximum pressure of the oil film gradually increase; the thickness of the oil film on the upside of the table gradually increases， and the temperature rising and maximum pressure of the oil film gradually decrease. The eccentric load distance is further increased， and the hydrostatic bearing will have a loss of pressure and tribological failure.

Keywords：hydrostatic thrust bearing; double rectangular cavity multi-oil pad; eccentric load distance; lubrication performance comparison; tribological failure

0 引 言

理想工作狀态下工件的质心应当在回转工作台的中心，只施加中心载荷，但在实际加工过程中，受工件的形状，质量分布不均以及装夹限制影响，工件质心可能不在回转工作台中心，因此工作台会在偏载作用下发生倾斜，可能会造成严重后果。因此研究偏载距离对静压推力轴承润滑性能影响很有必要。

张文泽等[1]针对液压缸受到径向偏载力工况，设计了新型非对称静压支承结构，分别对传统四垫静压支承和新型非对称静压支承结构进行流场仿真，对比在不同进口压力、不同活塞杆速度、不同偏心量下的压力云图分布及其摩擦力变化。符马力[2]提出了利用当量油膜厚度去计算液体静压转台倾斜轴系承载特性的当量油膜厚度法。……