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居民用户精细化需求响应建模及其激励策略

2021-09-06陈张宇刘东

哈尔滨理工大学学报 2021年3期

陈张宇 刘东

摘 要:居民用户有着巨大的需求响应潜力,通过激励等手段,售电公司可以引导居民用户参与电力市场需求响应业务。然而居民用户的需求响应有着难以量化的特点,不同的用户在不同场景下的响应趋势大相径庭,导致售电公司很难将居民用户的需求响应能力利用起来。针对这一问题,本文首先构建了居民用户精细化需求响应模型,其次为了正确反映不同用户的需求响应特征,构建了两个长短期记忆神经网络(long short-term memory, LSTM)来对需求响应效益系数进行计算,在此基础上利用精细化需求响应模型来计算针对不同用户的最优激励,得到最经济的激励策略。仿真实验表明,所建立的需求响应系数能正确地反应用户的需求响应习惯,利用精细化需求响应模型售电公司可以充分发挥用户侧需求响应,并降低需求响应成本,提高整体经济性。

关键词:精细化需求响应;LSTM;负荷预测;激励策略

DOI:10.15938/j.jhust.2021.03.001

中图分类号: TM73

文献标志码: A

文章编号: 1007-2683(2021)03-0001-12

Accurate Demand Response Modeling

and Incentive Strategy of Residents

CHEN Zhang-yu, LIU Dong

(Key Laboratory of Control of Power Transmission and Conversion, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200240, China)

Abstract:Residential users are great potential audience for demand response. Energy supplier can guide residential users to participate in demand response through incentives and other strategies in the power market. However, it is difficult to quantify demand response of residential users. To solve this problem, firstly this paper constructs a refined demand response model for residential users. Secondly, this paper reflects the demand response characteristics of different users by constricting two long short-term memory (LSTM) networks. Finally, on this basis, the refined demand response model is used to calculate the optimal incentive for different users and get the most economic incentive strategy. The simulation results show that the demand response coefficient established in this paper can correctly reflect the user′s demand response habits. Using the refined demand response model, the energy supplier can give full play to the user side demand response, reduce the demand response cost and improve the overall economy.

Keywords:refined demand response; LSTM; load forecasting; incentive strategy

0 引 言

隨着全球用电总量飞速增长,电力系统中的负荷高峰也不断提高,电网运行稳定性也受到了极大的影响,电力系统调度正面临着严峻的挑战。在这样的背景下,电网中的灵活的需求侧资源被人们逐渐了重视起来。在1986年,电力需求侧管理(demand side management,DSM)的概念由美国电力科学院提出后,受到了全球各国研究部门的关注,并开始了前所未有的研究和发展[1]。

电力需求侧管理是指以降低电力成本为目标的用电活动管理[2]。……

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