杨胜英 谢文华 唐琳 毛红梅 罗跃 吴小毛

摘 要：为验证对称式喷头组合件的应用效果，以辣椒炭疽病为防控对象开展防效和功效评价试验。试验以电动喷雾器通过多功能碳素喷杆连接对称式喷头组合件喷施药液，以常规喷头为对照，比较对称式喷头组合件与常规喷头施药对辣椒炭疽病的防控效果及省时省药液功效。结果表明，喷施25%溴菌腈EC50 mL/667m2后7 d，对称式喷头组合件施药的平均防效比常规喷头高4.90%～8.90%，差异显著;对称式喷头组合件与常规喷头喷雾作业相比，平均可节约喷药时间55.51%，节约药液用量67.99%。该结果充分证明，使用对称式喷头组合件施药较常规喷头施药防控辣椒炭疽病省时、省药且防效好。

关键词：对称式喷头组合件;常规喷头;辣椒炭疽病;防效;功效

中图分类号：S491+.2

文献标识码：A

文章编号：1008-0457（2021）03-0088-05

国际DOI编码：10.15958/j.cnki.sdnyswxb.2021.03.015

Application Evaluation of Symmetrical Sprinkler Assembly in Prevention and Control of Pepper Anthracnose

YANG Shengying1，XIE Wenhua1，TANG Lin1，MAO Hongmei1，LUO Yue2，WU Xiaomao2*

（1.Liuzhi Special Zone Agricultural Industry Technical Service Center，Liuzhi，Guizhou 553400，China;2.Institute of Crop Protection，Guizhou University，Guiyang，Guizhou 550025，China）

Abstract：

The control effect and efficacy evaluation test of Pepper anthracnose were carried outin order to verify the application effect of symmetrical sprinkler assembly.In this experiment，electric sprayer was connected with symmetrical sprinkler assembly through multifunctional carbon spray bar，and conventional sprinkler was used as control to compare the prevention and control effects of the two on Pepper anthracnose and the time-saving effect of the liquid medicine.The results showed that after 7 days of spraying 25% bromothalonil EC 50 mL/667 m2，the average control effect of symmetrical sprinkler assembly was 4.90%～8.90% higher than that of the conventional sprinkler，witha significantdifference.As compared to the conventional sprinkler，the symmetrical sprinkler assembly could save 55.51% of spraying time and 67.99% of liquid pesticide consumption.The results fully demonstrate thatthe application of the symmetrical sprinkler assembly ismoretime-saving，pesticide-saving and labor-saving compared with conventional sprinklerto prevent and control Pepper anthracnose.

Keywords：

symmetrical sprinkler assembly;conventional nozzle;Pepper anthracnose;control effect;efficacy

全面機械化是现代农业的发展趋势，植保机械在农林业生产中居于相当重要的地位[1-2]。国内外有关学者开展了大量的植保机械研发和改良工作，实践证明，许多植保机械已在农业生产中取得较好的应用效果[3-4]。喷雾器是农业生产中喷施药液防治有害生物、调节植物生长的重要植保机械[5]。当前常见的喷雾器械有无人机、背负式静电喷雾器、手动喷雾器、自走式喷杆喷雾机等[6-9]。实际生产中，无人机适用于大面积高效作业，而背负式、自走式等喷雾器械更适用于小规模的种植户自用，背负式喷雾是我国主要的常规喷雾方式。喷头是喷雾器的药液输出终端，起着控制药液量、雾滴粒径的作用，研究表明农药雾滴粒径、雾滴密度等因素对农药沉积利用率及防治效果有较大的影响，即喷头的喷施效果直接影响到施药效果[10]。……