毛竹和金佛山方竹一年生容器苗分级标准研究
2021-09-05朱潇代朝霞王灯刘艳江苟光前
朱潇 代朝霞 王灯 刘艳江 苟光前



摘 要:采用随机抽样调查方法,以杯为单位,对贵州省紫云县和桐梓县培育的一年生的毛竹和金佛山方竹容器苗的苗高、地径、株数、根长、笋芽数和总鲜重等6项苗木质量指标进行了测定。通过主成分分析和聚类分析,确定了以每杯竹苗中最大苗高Hmax和最大地徑Dmax作为苗木分级的质量指标,并制定出其3级分级标准,1年生毛竹容器苗,I 级苗:Hmax≥44 cm, Dmax≥0.19cm;II级苗:31cm≤Hmax<44cm,0.15cm≤Dmax<0.19cm;III级苗:Hmax<31cm,Dmax<0.15cm。1年生金佛山方竹容器苗,I级苗:Hmax≥41cm,Dmax≥0.21cm;II级苗:29cm≤Hmax<41cm,0.13cm≤Dmax<0.21cm;III级苗:Hmax<29cm,Dmax<0.13cm。本研究结果可为毛竹与金佛山方竹苗木生产和开发利用提供一定的参考依据。
关键词:金佛山方竹;毛竹;容器苗;苗木分级
中图分类号:S795.9
文献标识码:A
文章编号:1008-0457(2021)03-0048-06
国际DOI编码:10.15958/j.cnki.sdnyswxb.2021.03.008
Study on the Grading Standard of Annual Container Seedlings of Phyllostachys edulis and Chimonobambusa utilis
ZHU Xiao1,DAI Zhaoxia2*,WANG Deng2,LIU Yanjiang1,GOU Guangqian1,3
(1.College of Life Sciences/Agricultural Bioengineering Research Institute,Key Laboratory of Mountain Plant Resources Protection and Germplasm Innovation of Ministry of Education,Collaborative Innovation Center for Mountain Ecology and Agricultural Bioengineering,Guizhou University,Guiyang,Guizhou 550025,China;2.College of Forestry,Guizhou University,Guiyang,Guizhou 550025,China;3.Guizhou University Bamboo Research Institute,Guiyang,Guizhou 550025,China)
Abstract:
Six seedling quality indexes such as seedling height,ground diameter,number of clusters,root length,number of shoots and total fresh weight of one-year-old Phyllostachys edulis and Chimonobambusa utilis container seedlings were measured by random sampling survey method in Ziyun and Tongzi counties of Guizhou province.The results showed that the maximum seedling height and the maximum ground diameter of bamboo seedling in each cup were determined as the quality indexes of seedling grading,through principal component analysis and cluster analysis.Then their three-grade grading standard was formulated: container seedling of one-year-old Phyllostachys edulis,grade I seedling: Hmax≥ 44cm,Dmax ≥ 0.19cm; grade II seedling: 31cm≤Hmax < 44cm,0.15cm≤Dmax < 0.19cm,grade III seedling: Hmax < 31cm,Dmax < 0.15cm.Container seedlings of One-year-old Chimonobambusa utilis,grade I seedling: Hmax ≥ 41cm,Dmax ≥ 0.21cm; grade II seedling: 29cm≤Hmax < 41cm,0.13cm≤Dmax < 0.21cm,grade III seedling: Hmax < 29cm,Dmax < 0.13cm.The results could provide a certain reference basis for the production,development and utilization of Phyllostachys edulis and Chimonobambusa utilis seedlings.
Keywords:
Chimonobambusa utilis;Phyllostachys edulis;container seedlings;seedling grading
金佛山方竹(Chimonobabusa utilis)为我国特有竹种之一,属竹亚科寒竹属,是复轴混生型中小径竹[1]。其笋期在九月左右,因笋肉鲜嫩,营养丰富,远销中外,故称为“竹类之冠”[2]。其纤维含量决定了竹材的价值,为竹材制造产业提供优质的原材料,可为当地带来可观的经济收益[3]。毛竹Phyllostachys edulis属禾本科竹亚科刚竹属植物,具有材质良好、生长速度快、使用范围广、收益高等优点,是我国利用价值最高、用处最为广泛的经济竹种[4]。
随着容器育苗技术发展的日趋成熟,该方法在林业发达的国家应用广泛[5],是一条加速中国绿化造林的重要技术措施[6]。苗木生长发育所需要的条件可以人为控制,能够在一定程度上摆脱时间地点的限制。当前,我国在大规模造林生产实践中还是以裸根苗移植的方式为主。随着容器苗的出现,许多研究表明,容器苗造林对季节和立地条件要优于裸根苗。近些年陈庭合等[7]在对木荷Schima superba裸根苗与容器苗造林效果进行比较分析,结果表明其裸根苗造林的存活率和保存率均显著低于容器苗。……
