刘杨 徐艳菊

摘 要： 从结构、资源和心理赋能三个维度对平台型创新生态系统中参与者的行为策略进行演化博弈分析。引入初始参与意愿仿真发现：平台生态构建初期，平台企业应选择构建连接型平台，以提高结构赋能吸引创新供需方参与为目标;中期，平台企业能够从构建孵化型平台中获利，此时提高资源赋能程度能正向促进博弈三方的合作共赢，提高心理赋能程度有利于创新供需方的行为策略向参与平台创新的方向演化，但是心理赋能程度与平台企业的行为选择呈倒U型关系，存在最优的心理赋能程度保证平台企业以最低成本有效激励创新供需方参与孵化项目;成熟期，赋能的效力提高，对平台企业赋能的要求降低，平台企业将平台能够独立运营作为长远目标。

关键词： 平台式开放创新;赋能;演化博弈;初始参与意愿

中图分类号： F 273.1

文献标志码： A

The Evolution Game of Platform-based Innovation EcosystemBuilt by Core Enterprises： From the Perspective ofPlatform Enterprise Empowerment

LIU Yang， XU Yanju

（School of Management， Shanghai University， Shanghai， 200444， China）

Abstract： This paper builds the tripartite evolutionary game model of platform enterprises， innovation supplier and demander，analyzes the evolution of behavior of limited rational players from three dimensions： Structure Empowerment， Resource Empowerment and Psychology Empowerment. Initial participation willingness was introduced， and MATLAB was used to show the result intuitively. It is found that the research on the platform-based innovation ecosystem should be considered in stages. In the initial stage， platform enterprises should build connected platform with the goal of attracting innovative supplier and demander by improving the Structure Empowerment. In the medium stage， platform enterprises can benefit from building incubation platform. Improving the Resource Empowerment can promote the three to win-win cooperate positively. And the improvement of Psychology Empowerment can promote innovative supplier and demander to participate in platform innovation， but it exists one optimal value of Psychology Empowerment for platform enterprises to use minimum cost. In the mature stage， the efficiency of empowerment is improved， and that platform operates independently become a long-term goal.

Key words： platform open innovation; empowerment; evolutionary game; initial participation willingness

創新供需方与平台企业不断交互合作的过程中形成了依托于虚拟市场和平台架构的企业层开放式创新生态系统，简称平台型创新生态系统。作为平台型创新生态系统中的核心的平台企业的角色定位是服务者和支持者，其运行制度、利益分配机制、创新项目评估的奖惩机制等都会对参与者的创新绩效产生影响，这一过程被称为“赋能”。本研究要解决的核心问题是：平台企业的赋能能力对平台参与者的参与行为会产生怎样的影响，进而影响平台型创新生态系统的演化。……