闵晨 王乐翔 平瑛

摘 要： 传统农业经济活动通过业态融合产生的新业态经济需要新的人力资本。结合农村三产融合发展特点及影响农村人力资本水平主要因素，从人力资源配置、资本投资和资本质量三个维度构建评价指标体系并采用层次分析法对我国沿海六省农村人力资本现状进行评估。研究表明：现有农村人力资本水平与三产融合发展需求匹配度排名为：江苏、浙江、广东、辽宁、山东、福建;农业劳动力是影响人力资源配置的重要指标;农村教育及医疗保健投资对人力资本投资水平影响较大;保证平等受教育机会是提升农村人力资本质量的改进方向。据此，建议从增加农村就业岗位、加强农村教育和医疗投资、培育农民创新能力等方面来提升农村人力资本质量以满足三产融合发展的需求。

关键词： 三产融合;农村人力资本;层次分析法;评价指标体系

中图分类号： F 323.6

文献标志码： A

Research on the Evaluation Index System of Human Capital underthe Background of Three-industry Integration in Rural Areas

MIN Chen WANG Lexiang PING Ying

（1.College of Economics and Management， Shanghai Ocean University， Shanghai 201306， China;

2.College of Economics and Management， Shanghai Ocean University， Shanghai 201306， China;

3.College of Economics and Management， Shanghai Ocean University， Shanghai 201306， China）

Abstract： The new business economy generated by traditional agricultural economic activities through business fusion requires new types of human capital. Combining the characteristics of three-industry integration and the main influencing factors of rural human capital level， this evaluation index system is constructed from the three dimensions of human resource allocation， capital investment and capital quality， and the method of Analytic Hierarchy Process is used to assess to the current situation of rural human capital in six coastal provinces in China. Research indicates： the existing level of rural human capital matches the demand for three-industry integration ranked by Jiangsu Province， Zhejiang Province， Guangdong Province， Liaoning Province， Shandong Province and Fujian Province; The quantity of agricultural labor is an important indicator affecting human resource allocation; investment in rural education and health care has a large impact on the level of human capital investment; ensuring equal access to education is a way to improve the quality of rural human capital. Accordingly， it is recommended to enhance the quality of rural human capital to meet the needs of three-industry integration by increasing rural jobs， strengthening investment in rural education and medical care， and fostering farmers innovation capacity.

Key words： three-industry integration; rural human capital; analytic hierarchy process; evaluation index system

农业是立国之本，是保障人民基本生活的关键行业。2018年中国全面实施乡村振兴战略，为给农村发展提供保障基础，制定了一系列向农村倾斜的资源政策，农村产业化发展已初具规模。2019年，规模以上农产品加工企业多达八万余家;农村地区发展了一批特色工业乡镇;各类返乡创业人员创办农村产业融合项目，但其发展过程中仍存在產业链条延伸不充分、融合层次较浅、资源要素瓶颈突出等问题。实践证明，三产融合将农业产业链向工业、服务业延伸，实现了农业经营范围和种类的扩大，是引领乡村产业转型升级、延长农业产业链的有效路径。……