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证券市场监管分权效果研究

2021-09-05吴文若俞俊利

上海管理科学 2021年4期

吴文若 俞俊利

摘 要: 行政监管是维护资本市场有效运行,保护投资者权益的重要力量。以证监会将案件调查权委托给交易所为契机,检验证券市场监管分权的效果。结果显示,政策推行后,证监会作出行政处罚的概率增加。市场预期上市公司将面临更高的监管风险,如果遭受处罚,将造成投资损失,因此短期内对该政策产生负面反应,尤其对违规可能性高的公司,负面反应更强烈。长期来看,由交易所负责部分案件的调查会产生威慑作用,从而促进公司提高质量,尤其是距离交易所更近的公司,面临更大的监管压力,质量更大程度上得到提升。研究结论表明,监管分权提高了执法效率,促进了资本市场健康发展。

关键词: 监管分权;行政处罚概率;市场反应;公司质量

中图分类号: F 832.5

文献标志码: A

The Consequences of Decentralizing Investigation Power to Stock Exchange

WU Wenruo YU Junli

(1.Antai College of Economics and Management, Shanghai Jiao Tong University,  Shanghai 200030, China;

2.School of International and Public Affairs, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China)

Abstract: Public enforcement is important to the effectiveness of capital market and the protection of investor interests. The consequences of decentralizing China Securities Regulatory Commission (CSRC) investigation power to stock exchange are worth studying. Results show that after the implementation of the policy, the administrative penalties increase. Besides, market expects that listed companies would suffer higher regulatory risk, and penalties may cause losses. Therefore, in short term, the market reacts negatively to the regulation, especially to firms with higher violation possibility. In the long run, the policy would help to improve the quality of listed firms, especially of firms closer to the exchange, which is under greater regulatory pressure. The findings suggest that the decentralization of investigation power is beneficial to the enforcement efficiency and capital market development.

Key words: investigation power decentralization; administrative penalty possibility; market reaction; quality of firms

中國资本市场在当前的金融运行中,处于牵一发而动全身的位置,然而财务舞弊、内幕交易、欺诈上市等违规行为依然屡见不鲜,加之科创板的设立、注册制的改革等,都对证券监管提出了更高的要求。因此,研究如何有效监督上市公司,防范违法违规行为,保护外部投资者权益显得非常迫切和重要(陆瑶等,2012)。监管机构与上市公司之间存在的主要问题之一是信息不对称,那么该怎样进行机制设计,配置监管权力,从而提高监管效率?

一种常见的方式是监管分权。Hayek(1945)指出分权能够保证在特定时间和地点的知识被更有效地利用。中国证监会作……

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