蔬菜废弃物产沼气潜力及特性研究
2021-09-03魏丹丹刘健峰邓成杰赵兴玲王昌梅尹芳杨斌张无敌
魏丹丹 刘健峰 邓成杰 赵兴玲 王昌梅 尹芳 杨斌 张无敌



摘要 为了探究不同蔬菜废弃物的产沼气潜力,以4种不同叶菜类蔬菜废弃物为发酵原料,采用批量式厌氧消化工艺,在恒温(35±1)℃的条件下,对蔬菜废弃物产沼气潜力及特性进行研究。结果表明:混合白菜、混合蔬菜、油麦菜和生菜作为底物进行厌氧消化,TS产气率分别为658、601、804和1 136 mL/g,VS产气率分别为833、881、1 093和1 544 mL/g,生菜组产气潜力最大,油麦菜组次之,混合白菜组产气潜力最小,可见单一蔬菜的产气潜力要高于混合蔬菜。蔬菜废弃物的有机物含量高,可生物降解,适宜用作厌氧消化原料。
关键词 蔬菜废弃物;厌氧消化;产沼气潜力
中图分类号 S 216.4 文献标识码 A 文章编号 0517-6611(2021)14-0176-04
Abstract In order to explore the biogas production potential of different vegetable waste products, with four different leaf vegetables waste as raw materials, using batch anaerobic digestion process, under the conditions of constant temperature (35±1) ℃, the biogas production potential and characteristics of vegetable waste were studied. The results showed that when the hybrid cabbage, mixed vegetables, romaine lettuce( Lactuca sativa L.) and lettuce( Lactuca sativa L. var. ramosa Hort.) as substrate for anaerobic digestion, TS gas rate was 658, 601, 804 and 1 136 mL/g respectively, VS gas rate was 833, 881, 1 093 and 1 544 mL/g respectively. The biogas production potential in lettuce group was the highest, followed by romaine lettuce group, and that in hybrid cabbage group was the lowest. These indicated the biogas production potential of single vegetable group was higher than that of mixed vegetable.Vegetable wastes had high content of organic matter and they could be biodegraded, so they were suitable to be used as the materials for anaerobic digestion.
Key words Vegetable waste;Anaerobic digestion;Biogas production potential
基金项目 云南省万人计划产业技术领军人才项目(20191096);吉林省科技发展计划项目(20200402099NC,20200403010SF);云南省国际科技特派员项目(2015IA022)。
作者简介 魏丹丹(1995—),女,河南驻马店人,硕士研究生,研究方向:生物质能。
*通信作者,研究员,博士生导师,从事生物质能与环境工程教学科研工作。
收稿日期 2020-10-26
蔬菜是我国除粮食作物外经济地位最重要、栽培面积最广的作物[1]。截至2019年12月底,我国蔬菜产量规模稳定增长,市场供应充足。据农业农村部统计,2008—2019年我国蔬菜播种面积从1 787.56万hm2上升到2 314.49万hm2,年均增速2.9%。我国蔬菜播种和产量连续多年居世界首位[2]。随着我国蔬菜产量的增长,每年产生的蔬菜废弃物超过蔬菜总产量的30%[3]。蔬菜废弃物的总固体含量为4%~19%,挥发固体的含量占总固体的80%以上。该废弃物中含75%的糖类和半纤维素、9%的纤维素及5%的木质素,且蔬菜废弃物有机质和水分含量高,适用于生物技术处理,即好氧处理和厌氧处理[4]。……
