四川太和毛霉豆豉中优势发酵菌株的分离鉴定与酶活分析
2021-09-03何维安天星余玲廖柯陈超刘迎涛胡洁邓婷尹鑫苏波赵志峰
何维 安天星 余玲 廖柯 陈超 刘迎涛 胡洁 邓婷 尹鑫 苏波 赵志峰



摘要 [目的]从传统的四川太和毛霉豆豉中分离产蛋白酶较高的优势菌株,并通过形态学与分子生物学技术进行鉴定,研究菌株酶活。[方法]以四川太和毛霉豆豉为研究对象,通过分离、纯化技术分离其中优势菌,并结合形态学与分子生物学技术进行特征菌落鉴定,最后对2株霉菌的蛋白酶和纤维素酶活性进行检测。[结果]四川太和毛霉豆豉中2 株产蛋白酶较高的优势菌株分别为M-THF-01与M-THF-02;经形态学与分子生物学鉴定技术发现,M-THF-01为雅致放射毛霉( Actinomucor elegans) ,M-THF-02为总状毛霉 (Mucor racemosa) 。M-THF-01与M-THF-02 中性蛋白酶酶活分别为(83.00±4.25) U/mL 和 (277.35±6.09)U/mL,酸性蛋白酶分别为 (156.36±3.68) U/mL和(405.69±4.18) U/mL,碱性蛋白酶分别为(19.30±2.56) U/mL和(25.37±3.88)U/mL,产纤维素总体酶活分别为(2.51±0.85) U/mL 和(3.64±1.31) U/mL。总体来说,M-THF-02产酶活力明显高于M-THF-01。[结论]该研究可为毛霉豆豉纯复合发酵剂的研发提供理论基础,并为毛霉豆豉的工业化与规模化生产提供科学依据。
关键词 豆豉;分离;鉴定;雅致放射毛霉;总状毛霉;酶活
中图分类号 TS 201.3 文献标识码 A
文章编号 0517-6611(2021)14-0157-05
Abstract [Objective]To isolate the dominant strain with high protease production from the traditional Sichuan Taihe Mucor Douchi, and identify the strains by morphology and molecular biology technology and study the enzyme activity of the strains. [Method]In this study, Mucor Taihe Douchi was used as the research object. The dominant bacteria were isolated by separation and purification technology, and the characteristic colonies were identified by morphological and molecular biological techniques. Finally, the protease and cellulase activities of the two strains were detected. [Result]The results showed that M-THF-01 and M-THF-02 were the two dominant protease producing strains in Sichuan Taihe Mucor Douchi, and M-THF-01 was Actinomucor elegans and THF-02 was Mucor racemosus. The neutral protease activities of M-THF-01 and M-THF-02 were (83.0±4.25) U/mL and (277.35±6.09) U/mL, respectively;acid protease were (156.36±3.68) U/mL and (405.69±4.18) U/mL;alkaline protease were (19.3±2.56) U/mL and (25.37±3.88) U/mL;the total cellulase activity of M-THF-01 and M-THF-02 were (2.51±0.85)U/mL and (3.64±1.31)U/mL respectively;in general, the enzyme activity of M-THF-02 was significantly higher than that of M-THF-01. This study provides a theoretical basis for the development of Mucor Douchi pure compound starter, and provides the scientific basis for the industrialization and largescale production of Mucor Douchi.
Key words Douchi;Separation;Identification; Actinomucor elegans;Mucor racemosa; Enzyme activity
基金项目 四川省省级财政科技计划重点研发项目(2018GZ0022)。
作者简介 何维(1995—),男,四川遂宁人,硕士研究生,研究方向:食品微生物与发酵工程。*通信作者,副教授,博士,从事农产品及食品深加工研究。
收稿日期 2020-12-08
豆豉起源于我国,古代称为“幽寂”,豆豉是一种以大豆或黑豆为原料,经选杂、浸泡、蒸煮、制曲、拌料、后发酵等工序制成的传统发酵类调味品,因其具有极高的营养价值、较高的食用、药用价值以及独特的风味,而深受大众喜爱[1-2] 。……
