魏龙雪 张洪勇 张书良 路永民 李玉玲 张秀峰

摘要 [目的]研究夏玉米種肥异位同播下，不同种肥间距（种肥水平距离和施肥深度）对夏玉米产量的影响， 为夏玉米轻简化高产高效栽培提供技术支撑。[方法]采用裂区设计， 4 种种肥水平距离（5、10、15、20 cm）为主处理; 4 种施肥深度（4、8、12、16 cm）为副处理。[结果]不同种肥间距（种肥水平距离和施肥深度）对夏玉米出苗率、根系形态和产量因子、产量都有显著的作用效应，二者交互作用产生显著正效应，保持较高出苗率、根系形态及获得更好产量因子，进而提高产量，作用效应达显著水平。夏玉米产量均呈先增后减的单峰趋势。处理组合中，获得最高产量的为 A2B2，夏玉米产量达 8 431.97 kg/hm2。其次为 A2B3 处理 8 426.88  kg/hm2、A2B4处理 8 421.27  kg/hm2、A3B2处理8 414.45  kg/hm2。A2B3、A2B4和A3B2处理间差异不显著，但与其他处理组合间差异达显著水平。A1B1产量最低为7 596.11 kg/hm2。[结论]获得较高产量的处理为 A2B2 > A2B3 > A2B4 > A3B2，这4个处理的夏玉米产量与其他处理在0.05水平差异显著。因此，夏玉米异位同播较适宜的种肥间距为种肥水平距离10 cm时，施肥深度8～16 cm;种肥水平距离15 cm时，施肥深度8 cm。

关键词 夏玉米; 种肥水平距离; 施肥深度;产量

中图分类号 S 513  文献标识码 A

文章编号 0517-6611（2021）14-0146-03

Abstract [Objective] To study the effects of different seed fertilizer spacing （horizontal distance of seed fertilizer and fertilization depth） on summer maize yield， so as to provide technical support for light， simple， high yield and efficient cultivation of summer maize.[Method] Fracture zone design was adopted.The horizontal distance of various fertilizers （5，10，15，20 cm） was mainly treated; four fertilization depths （4，8，12，16 cm） were treated as side treatments.[Result] The different seed manure spacing （seed manure horizontal distance and fertilization depth） on summer corn seedling emergence， root morphology and yield factor， production had a significant effect， both interactions had a significant positive effect， have maintained good germination rate， root morphology and get better production factor， thus increasing production.The yield of summer maize increased at first and then decreased at a single peak.In the treatment combination， the highest yield was A2B2， and the yield of summer maize was 8 431.97 kg/hm2.A2B3 treatment was followed by A2B4 treatment with 8 426.88  kg/hm2， A2B4 treatment with 8 421.27  kg/hm2 and A3B2 treatment with 8 414.45 kg/hm2.There was no significant difference between A2B3， A2B4 and A3B2， but there was significant difference between A2B3， A2B4 and A3B2.The minimum output of A1B1 was 7 596.11 kg/hm2.[Conclusion] The treatment with higher yield was A2B2 > A2B3 > A2B4 > A3B2.Compared with other treatments， the yield of summer maize under these four treatments was significantly different at the level of 0.05.Therefore， the suitable seed and fertilizer spacing for summer maize were as follows：when the horizontal distance of seed and fertilizer was 10 cm， the fertilization depth was 8-16 cm; when the horizontal distance of fertilization was 15 cm， the fertilization depth was 8 cm.

Key words Summer maize;Horizontal distance of planting fertilizer;Depth of fertilization;Production

基金项目 国家重点研发计划项目（2017YFD0301003）。

作者简介 魏龙雪（1988—），女，山东禹城人，农艺师，硕士，从事作物栽培与生理研究。*通信作者，正高级农艺师，从事作物栽培与生理研究。

收稿日期 2020-12-03

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