梁学明 杨永忠 杜鹍鹏 吴天顺 揭凡 王开轩 刘苹 李俊

摘要 [目的]研究湛江市雷林桉树人工林生态价值，讨论人工林生态效益分布趋势。[方法]选定中林集团雷州林业局有限公司桉树林作为研究对象，从涵养水源、固定土壤、碳汇功能、生物多样性、森林景观效益等指标研究人工林生态效益价值。[结果]2019年雷林桉树人工林涵养、保育土壤、固碳价值、制氧价值、生物多样性、森林康养、各林场林木综合生态经济价值分别为56 524.66万、13 800.11万、1 509.601百万、503.200百万、2 480.429百万、744.614万、498 584.31万元。雷林桉树人工林的生态价值巨大，北坡、纪家与成熟林、近熟林生态价值分别与其的面积、蓄积占比相关，两者在单位上具有相关一致性。生物多样性、固定储碳与制备放氧机制分别与成熟林、幼龄林呈相关一致性。[结论]该研究可为桉树人工林可持续经营利用提供科学依據。

关键词 桉树林;生态价值;估算;量化

中图分类号 S 792.39  文献标识码 A

文章编号 0517-6611（2021）14-0101-05

Abstract [Objective]To study the ecological value of  Eucalyptus  plantation in Leilin of Zhanjiang City，and discuss the ecological benefit distribution trend of planted forests.[Method]The  Eucalyptus  trees of the forest farm of Leizhou Forestry Bureau Co，Ltd.of Zhanjiang Zhonglin Group Leizhou Forestry Bureau Co，Ltd.were selected as the research area to study the ecological benefits of artificial forests from indicators such as water conservation，soil fixation，carbon sink function，biodiversity，and forest landscape benefits.[Result]In 2019，Leilins tree plantation conservation，soil conservation，carbon sequestration，oxygen release，biodiversity，forest health and maintenance，and comprehensive ecological and economic value of forest trees in each forest farm were 565.246 million yuan，138 011.00 million yuan，150.960 1 million yuan，503.200 million yuan，248.290 million yuan，744.614 million yuan，498.584 million yuan respectively.The ecological value of Leylin  Eucalyptus  plantation was huge.The high ecological value of the northern slope，Jijia and mature forests，and nearmature forests were related to their area and accumulation，and the two were related in unity.Biodiversity，fixed carbon storage，and oxygen release mechanisms were correlated with mature forests and young forests，respectively.[Conclusion]This study can provide scientific basis for sustainable management and utilization of  Eucalyptus  plantation.

Key words  Eucalyptus  forest;Ecological value;Estimation;Quantification

作者简介 梁学明（1974—），男，广东湛江人，从事桉树生态价值评估研究。*通信作者，高级工程师，博士，从事人工林森林资源培育生产实践与管理森林研究。

收稿日期 2020-10-21

据科学测算，森林可为人类提供60%的O2。林木每生长1 m3，平均可吸收1.83 t CO2，挥放1.62 t O2。优质森林生态系统可减少土壤冲刷量90%，可降低风速60%～80%，可吸收35%～75%的太阳辐射，可增加空气湿度15%～20%[1]。国家第九次森林资源清查数据显示，我国森林面积22 044.62万hm2，人工林面积8 003.10万hm2，桉树林面积546.74万hm2。桉树作为一种速生丰产人工林用材树种，因其特殊的制造工艺和木材性质，我国在开发桉树当年成林的同时应更进一步地研究其生态效益的特点[2-3]。……